Revision Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the seven classification methods?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the three ways that you classify vertebrates?
Oxygen, Thermoregulation, Reproduction
What is a Ring Species?
Neighbouring populations of species may have slightly different characteristics but can still interbreed as part of a chain but the two ends of the chain can’t interbreed.
What are the five kingdoms?
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Prokaryotae, Protoctista
What are two characteristics of Animalia
Multicellular, No cell walls, Heterotrophic feeders
How have Polar Bears adapted to its habitat?
A white appearance, as camouflage from prey on the snow and ice. Thick layers of fat and fur, for insulation against the cold. A small surface area to volume ratio, to minimise heat loss. A greasy coat, which sheds water after swimming.
How have Pompeii Worms adapted to its habitat?
Using a thick layer of bacteria to protect it from heat. Hides inside a papery tube to protect it from predators.
What are the two types of variation?
Continuous and Discontinuous Variation.
What is variation?
Any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences or by the effect of environmental factors on the expression of the genetic potentials.
What is the difference between discontinuous and continuous variation?
Discontinuous: Where everything is in specific groups. Continuous: Where there is no specific group.
What is the cause of variation?
The environment and the genes you get from your parents.
What is the purpose of DNA?
DNA molecules are large and complex. They carry the genetic code that determines the characteristics of a living thing.
What is a Gene?
A gene is a short section of DNA. Each gene codes for a specific protein by specifying the order in which amino acids must be joined together.
What are Chromosomes made from?
Chromosomes are made from long DNA molecules.
What are the two different alleles called?
Dominant and Recessive Alleles.
Which is the strongest allele?
The Dominant Allele.
What are the symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis?
Lack of breath, Coughing up mucous, becoming tired.
What are the symptoms of Sickle Cell Disease?
Severe pain, Anemia, Chest pain and difficulty breathing, Strokes, Joint pain and arthritis and bone infarctions, Blockage of blood flow in the spleen or liver, Severe infections.
Define a carrier.
When someone carries the cells of something but it does not effect them.
How do people get Sickle Cell Disease?
When the sufferer has two copies of a faulty gene.
