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Revisional Summary Flashcards

1
Q

Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases?

A
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2
Q

Cyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases?

A
  1. Truncus Arteriosus
  2. Transposition of Great Arteries
  3. Tricuspid Atresia
  4. Tertrology of Fallot (PROVE)
    - Pulmonary stenosis
    - RVH
    -Overriding Aorta
    - VSD
    - Ejection systolic murmur radiating to the back
  5. Total Anomolous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVN)
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3
Q

What commonly complicates CHD?

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4
Q

Presentation of Co-Artation of the Aorta?

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5
Q

What is Eisenmenger syndrome?

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6
Q

What is Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)?

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7
Q

Management of an SVT?

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8
Q

Croup vs. Epiglotitis

  • Causes
  • Age
  • Onset
  • Exam Findings
  • Emergency
  • Management?
A
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9
Q

Management of Croup?

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10
Q

Management of Epiglotitis

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11
Q

Differential diagnoses for Stridor

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12
Q

Common demographic/causative agent of Bronchiolitis?

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13
Q

Presentation of Bronchiolitis?

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14
Q

Differential for Bronnchiolitis?

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15
Q

Bronchiolitis Investigations?

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16
Q

Signs of Respiratory Distress?

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17
Q

Admission criteria for Bronchiolotis?

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18
Q

Management/Prevention of Bronchiolitis?

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19
Q

Astma Reliever vs. Preventers

Side Effects?

A

Relievers: Inhaled SABA and Anticholinergics

Preventers: Inhaled LABA, LTRA, Corticosteroids (ICS), oral prednisolone and omalizumab.

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20
Q

Key Features of Asthma?

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21
Q

Severe vs. Life Threatening Asthma?

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22
Q

Asthma Diagnosis?

A

Intermittent, reversible obstructive airway disease

Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways

Recurrent episodes of wheezing, dyspnoea, chest tightness, and cough

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23
Q

Asthma Differential diagnoses?

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24
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Asthma?

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25
Astma Admission Criteria?
26
Management of Astma Exacerbation?
27
Mutations responsible for CF?
28
Pathophysiology of CF?
29
Presentation of CF?
30
Diagnosis of CF?
31
Management of CF?
32
Complications of CF?
Nasal polyps Pneumothorax Diabetes Cirrhosis Males infertility Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS)
33
Pre-Disposing factors for OSA?
34
Management og OSA?
35
Triad of Kartagener Syndrome Presentation? Diagnosis?
36
Extra-intestinal features of IBD?
37
How is IBD Graded?
38
Management of IBD?
39
Presentation of Coeliac's Disease?
40
Extra-intestinal features of Coeliac's?
41
Diagnosis of Coeliac's?
42
Diagnosis of IBD?
43
If a patient presents with a clinical picture suggestive of coeliac disease + signs of infection?
44
Complications of Coeliac's?
45
Complications Associated with GORD?
46
Predisposing factors for GORD?
47
What is Sandifer's Syndrome?
48
Types of Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA)?
49
Management of Pediatric GORD?
50
Presents as a frothy and choking new born (often with polyhydramnios), NGT can’t be passed?
51
Presents with projectile NON-BILLIOUS vomiting and an olive-like mass palpable superficially at the epigastric region (level of the pylorus)
52
Presents postnatally with BILIOUS vomiting and is common with T21
53
Presents with BILIOUS vomiting, abdominal dsitention and PR blood
54
Child usually presents screaming with drawn up legs and passing “redcurrant jelly” stool
55
An abdominal wall defect occurring to the right of the umbilical cord insertion without a covering membrane common in mothers taking recreational drugs
56
Presents with a distal obstruction causing BILIOUS vomiting and a failure to pass meconium within 48 hours?
57
Premature infant presents with abdominal distention, BILIOUS vomiting, blood PR
58
Billous differential diagnosis for vomiting in a new born
59
Non-Billous differential diagnosis for vomiting in a new born
60
Painful scrotal swelling differential
61
Painless scrotal swelling differential?
62
Triad presentation of T1DM
polyuria polydipsia weight loss
63
Diagnosis of T1DM
64
Management of T1DM
65
Diagnosis of DKA?
66
Inheritance/Clinical Features/Diagnosis/Management of Hereditary Spherocytosis?
67
Inheritance/Precipitants/Presentation/Diagnosis/Management of G6PD Deficiency?
68
Presentation/Diagnosis/Risks/Management of Beta Thalesmia?
69
Clinical Features of Sickle Cell Anemia?
Clinical features: anaemia, jaundice, splenomegaly
70
Presentations of Sickle Cell Anemia?
71
Management of Sickle Cell Anemia?
72
Inheritance/Clinical Features/Diagnosis/Management of Hemophilia?
73
Most common type of leukaemia in children? Presentation? Diagnosis? Risk?
74
Diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki's Management?
Unexplained fever >38.5C for 5 days + 4 out of 5: 1. Strawberry tongue 2. Conjunctivitis without exudate 3. Cervical lymphadenopathy 4. Polymorphous exanthem (urticaria or maculopapular rash) 5. Changes in arms or legs (swelling or redness)
75
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) Pathophysiology/Presentation/Management
76
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) TRIAD MANAGEMENT
77
UTI Common causative organisms?
78
Diagnosis of UTI?
79
Managment of UTI?
80
Nephrotic syndrome triad? Primary Cause?
81
Presentation of Nephrotic Syndrome?
82
Diagnosis of Nephrotic Syndrome?
83
Management of Nephrotic Syndrome?
84
Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy - Inheritance - Presentation - Diagnosis - Management
85
Causes of Rickets?
86
Clinical Feautres of Rickets
87
Diagnosis of Rickets?
88
Types of Seizure
89
Managment of Generalized tonic-clonic seizure?
Lamotrigine/ valproate
90
Management of Generalized myoclonic seizure?
Levetiracetam/ valproate
91
Management of Focal (frontal/temporal) seizure?
Carbamazepine / valproate
92
Management of status epilepticus
Benzodiazepine (specifically IM midazolam, IV lorazepam, or IV diazepam)
93
Classification of Epileptic Seizure?
94
Describe Cerebral Palsy
A permanent disorder of movement and posture due to a nonprogressive lesion in the developing brain
95
Risk Factors/Causes of CP
96
Classifications of Cerebral Palsy
97
Causes of Hydrocephalus
98
Clinical Features of hydrocephalus
99
Management of hydrocephalus?
100
101
Diagnosis of Neural tub Deffects?
102
Complications of Neural tube deffects
103
Diagnostic criteria for NF1
104
How does NF2 usually present?
NF-2 Mostly presents with hearing loss due to bilateral acoustic neuromas compressing the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN 8)
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111
Screening for T21
112
Congential and Chronic features of T21
113
A young couple arrives for counselling due to all of their 3 children having trisomy 21. What is the most likely explanation?
One of the parents is likely to carry a 21:21 translocation, and each child receives 2 copies from one parent and a third copy from the other parent. 100% chance
113
114
Characteristic features of DiGeorge Syndrome
115
Definitive diagnostic criteria for DiGeorge?
116
Managment of DiGoerge?
117
Clinical features of Prader-Willi Syndrome?
118
Diagnosis of Prader-Willi?
119
Inheritance of Prader Willi Syndrome? Other related syndrome?
120
Clinical Features of Fragile X Syndrome?
121
Pathogenesis of Fragile X Syndrome
122
Signs of Dehydration?
123
Differential Diagnosis for Gastroenteritis?
124
Investigations for gastroenteritis?
125
What is Croup? - Ages - Causative Organism
126
Signs/symptoms of Croup?
127
Differential diagnoses of Croup?
128
Definition of Febrile Seizure?
129
Diagnosis of Febrile Seizure?
130
Management of Febrile Seizure?
131
Signs/Symptoms of Sepsis in a Child?
132
Signs/Symptoms of Sepsis in a Neonate?
133
Risk factors for bacterial meningitis?
134
Signs/symptoms of Meningitis?
135
Red flags in the constipation history?
136
When does Bladder control usually develop?
Bladder control usually 2-3 1/2 yrs
137
Differential diagnoses of Enuresis?
138
Treatment of Eneresis?
139
Location of Infant vs. Older Child Eczema?
Infants commonly develop facial, neck, scalp and truncal eczema Older children develop flexural and extensor eczema
140
What is the HEEADSSS Assesment?
141
Correcting age in Prematures?
Chronological age – the no. of weeks the infant was born before 40 weeks gestation E.G 35 weeks – 5 weeks early. Minus 10 weeks from their chronological age.
142
_______ is the most sensitive indicator in infants & young children
**Weight** is the most sensitive indicator in infants & young children
143
Babies may lose up-to ____of BW after birth. Should get back to BW by _____of age.
Babies may lose up-to 10% of BW after birth. Should get back to BW by 2 weeks of age.
144
Normal head circumference at birth?
33-37cm
145
146
Common benign rash in neonates Erythematous patches with occasional pustules
Erythema Toxicum
147
A thick, lipid-laden substance that coats a baby’s skin in utero
Vernix Caseosa
148
Benign sub epidermal cysts of keratin in neonates?
Milia
149
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151
Raised, urticaria, itchy rash No identifiable allergen Waxes and wanes over the course of the illness
152
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154
Predominantly affects flexures and face
155
156
Urticaria Swelling of eyes, tongue, lips Wheeze due to bronchoconstriction Confusion Palpitations Vomiting Collapse
157
Pallor Fatigue Weight loss Petechiae and bruising Recurrent or serious infections
158
GLASS TEST: Non-Blanching in Meiningocolcal Sepsis
159
Meningococcemia vs Meningitis
160
Investigations for Meningitis?
161
Management of Meningitis?
162
Pediatric Sepsis 6?
163
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Clinical Pediatrics (5 decks)

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