revivsion

Question 1

what part of the cell controls what enter and exits the cell?

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

what process involves the movement of water across a membrane?

Answer 2

Osmosis

Question 3

what is cytoplasm?

Answer 3

a jelly-like material that contain dissolved nutrients and salts and structure called organelles. it is where many of the chemical reactions happen?

Question 4

where do chemical reactions happen?

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

what is the nucleus?

Answer 5

contains the genetic material inculding DNA which controls the cell’s activites

Question 6

what does the nucleus hold?

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

what is the cell membrane?

Answer 7

it is permeable to some substances but no to others and so controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 8

is the cell membrane permeable or non-permeable?

Answer 8

permeable

Question 9

what is the mitochondria?

Answer 9

organelles that contains the enzymes for respiration and where most energy is released in respiration

Question 10

where is the most energy released in respiration?

Answer 10

mitochondria

Question 11

what are ribosomes?

Answer 11

tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs

Question 12

where does protein synthesis occur?

Answer 12

ribosomes

Question 13

what is chloroplast?

Answer 13

organelle that contains the green pigment, chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis, contains the enzymes needed for photosynthesis.

Question 14

what is the name of the structure that contains green pigment and chlorophyll?

Answer 14

chloroplast

Question 15

what is the cell wall?

Answer 15

plant and bacterial cell walls provide structure and protection. only plant cell walls are made from cellulose.

Question 16

what structure provides good structure and protection?

Answer 16

cell wall

Question 17

what is the permanent vacuole?

Answer 17

filled with cell sap to help keep the cell swollen

Question 18

what helps keep the cell swollen?

Answer 18

permanent vacuole

Question 19

what 2 components are common with the plant,animal and bacterial cell?

Answer 19

cytoplasm and cell membrane

Question 20

what is chromosomal DNA?

Answer 20

the DNA of bacterial cells is found loose in the cytoplasm. it is called chromosomal DNA and is not contained within a nucleus

Question 21

what DNA is found loose in the cytoplasm?

Answer 21

chromosomal DNA

Question 22

what is plasmid DNA?

Answer 22

bacteria also have small, closed-circles of DNA called plasmids present in their cytoplasm. unlike the chromosomal DNA plasmid DNA can move from one bacterium to another giving variation

Question 23

what is the structure called that has small closed circles of DNA?

Answer 23

plasmid DNA

Question 24

what is the flagella?

Answer 24

bacteria can have one or more flagella. these can rotate or move in a whip like motion to move the bacterium?

Question 25

name one thing we need water for

Answer 25

staying alive

Question 26

name the 3 types of blood vessels

Answer 26

arteries capillaries veins

Question 27

Name the process by which producers remove carbon dioxide from the air

Answer 27

Photosynthesis

Question 28

Name the process by which carbon compounds in producers are taken into consumers

Answer 28

feeding

Question 29

Name the process by which both living plants and animals return carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Answer 29

Respiration

Question 30

write the word equation for combustion

Answer 30

fossil fuels + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 31

Describe how decomposers are involved in returning carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere

Answer 31

Decay of plants and animals

Question 32

how much water makes up the human body?

Answer 32

60%

Question 33

what is it called when water is safe to drink?

Answer 33

potable

Question 34

what does the arteries do?

Answer 34

carry the blood away from the heart

Question 35

what does the capillaries do?

Answer 35

these are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues

Question 36

what does the veins do?

Answer 36

carries blood to the heart

Question 37

true or false the arteries walls are thick

Answer 37

true

Question 38

does the arteries carry is high pressure or low pressure?

Answer 38

high pressure

Question 39

are the arteries wall strong or weak?

Answer 39

strong

Question 40

are capillaries big or small?

Answer 40

neither! they are really tiny

Question 41

what do capillaries supply?

Answer 41

food oxygen

Question 42

what does capillaries take away?

Answer 42

waste e.g co2

Question 43

do mammals have a double circulatory system?

Answer 43

yes!

Question 44

what are platelets?

Answer 44

small fragments of cells

Question 45

do platelets have a nucleus?

Answer 45

no

Question 46

what is the job of red blood cells?

Answer 46

carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells around the body

Question 47

do red blood cells have a large surface area or a small surface area?

Answer 47

large surface area

Question 48

do red blood cells have a nucleus?

Answer 48

no

Question 49

why don't red blood cells have a nucleus?

Answer 49

this allows more room to carry oxygen

Question 50

what is the red pigment called?

Answer 50

haemoglobin

Question 51

what does the haemoglobin contain?

Answer 51

iron

Question 52

how do you calculate cardiac output?

Answer 52

cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume

Question 53

what do cells need for aerobic respiration?

Answer 53

oxygen

Question 54

what is the nervous systems made up of?

Answer 54

neurones

Question 55

what is health?

Answer 55

a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 56

what are the 2 types of diseases

Answer 56

communicable non-communicable

Question 57

what is communicable disease?

Answer 57

diseases that can be spread between individuals.

Question 58

what is non-communicable disease?

Answer 58

diseases that can't be transmitted between individuals

Question 59

example of non-communicable disease?

Answer 59

cancer and heart disease

Question 60

what are communicable diseases caused by?

Answer 60

pathogen

Question 61

what does STIs stand for

Answer 61

sexually transmitted infections

Question 62

what is an example of STIs?

Answer 62

HIV Chlamydia

Question 63

what does HIV do?

Answer 63

kills white blood cells

Question 64

how is HIV spread?

Answer 64

bodily fluids

Question 65

how do viruses reproduce?

Answer 65

inside living cells

Question 66

are viruses cells?

Answer 66

no

Question 67

what does BMI stand for?

Answer 67

body mass index