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Revolution and Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

forbade colonies from migrating west of Appalachian Mountains and Ohio River Valley
response: colonists were pissed because it had valuable land with rivers to trade

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2
Q

Post French and Indian War

A

British was in debt so they started taxing colonies which angered them

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3
Q

Sugar Act of 1764

A

tax on sugar, textiles, wines, indigo

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4
Q

Stamp Act of 1765

A

tax on all printed materials
response: colonists protested tax and got it repealed
formed the Sons of liberty

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5
Q

Quartering Act of 1765

A

quartering of troops
colonists didn’t want soldiers in their houses to they built barracks (private buildings)

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6
Q

boston massacre of 1770

A

tension btw colonists and the British, ended with soldiers firing and killing colonist

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7
Q

Tea Act of 1773

A

British East India Company monopolized tea in colonies (they would transport tea and sell to colonists vs only transporting it and allowing colonists to sell it)
response: Boston Tea Party where colonists dumped tea in Boston Harbor

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8
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

after Boston Tea Party, Parliament (british gov) was mad so they
- closed boston harbor (where colonists would trade)
- more control over colonies
- made colonists quarter more soldiers
response: colonists got together in first continental congress to discuss self-governance and indendence

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9
Q

Thomas Paine

A

wrote common sense where he basically said that it didn’t make sense for Britain to have control over colonies as they were functioning and governing themselves separately

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10
Q

Causes of American Revolution

A
  • heavy taxes
  • unfair trade
  • quartering of troops
  • violent British gov
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11
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

wrote Declaration of Independence
written by Thomas Jefferson

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11
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

wrote Declaration of Independence
written by Thomas Jefferson

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12
Q

Treaty of Paris of 1783

A

ended the American Revolution and granted US their independence

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13
Q

Proclamation of Neutrality

A

US will not interfere with European conflicts

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14
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

turning point of American Revolution
- colonists won against the British which gained recognition from the French who decided to help the colonists in exchange for exclusive trade

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15
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

the form of government the colonies followed during the American Revolution
- gave more control to the states than the nation
bc of this national gov couldn’t tax, raise armies, and settle disputes, that’s why it got replaced by constitution

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16
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

where they planned the ideas that would go on the constitution

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17
Q

Federalists

A
  • supported constitution
  • believed in strong central gov
  • james madison, alexander hamilton
  • john jay wrote federalist papers
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18
Q

anti-federalists

A
  • against constitution
  • wanted more power for states
  • feared strong national power
    -Patrick henry and Thomas Jefferson
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19
Q

Bill of Rights

A
  • resolved conflicts btw federalists and antifederalists
  • protected the right of people
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20
Q

Three Fifths Compromise

A

enslaved people’s vote would count as 3/5 of a person in the Electoral College (increased representation and political power in southern states were the slave population was great)

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21
Q

Fugitive Slave Clause

A

Northwest Ordinance promised land to enslaved people that escaped to the North
because of this, the Consitution passed this clause that made any escaped slaved be returned to their owners

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22
Q

War of 1912

A

British were petty so they teamed up with Native Americans to fight against the US
- Britain started impressing American trade ships (making them a part of their navy)
- star spangled banner was written

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23
Q

Treaty of Gehnt

A

ended the war of 1912
news traveled slowly so British still attacked New Orleans where Andrew Jackson got famous for winning

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24
Era of Good Feelings
after the war of 1812, US citizen's patriotism grew, military heroes recognized
25
Manifest Destiny
westward expansion America grew when they gained Louisiana Purchase, Oregon territory, Mexican territories, and Texas
26
Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon had access to it but since he was trying to take over Europe he sold it to the US for 15 million lots of great land
27
Lewis and Clark Expedition
both of them were the first to explore the Louisiana Territory which had great resources, plants, and animals
28
Florida Purchase Treaty
The Native American Seminoles occupied most of Florida along with Spaniards and a few Americans - War of 1812: Americans confused Creeks for Seminoles and beat them so when they got to Florida they wanted them to move but the Seminoles refused - Seminole Wars: Seminioles killed Americans which angered the US and even though Florida was Spain's, Andrew Jackson started killing Seminoles so Spain decided to sell the land for 5 million
29
Oregon Territory
British and Us lived there northern part: American southern part: British
30
Mexican American War
America took over Texas but Mexico never acknowledged their independence, so they fought for Texas
31
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalglo
ended the Mexican American war gave California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona lands to US
32
California Territory
gold rush - miners worked but got none of the riches - a large increase in population
33
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Congress wanted to remove all of the Native Americans and put them in the Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
34
Worcester v. Georgia
Georgia tried forcing the Cherokee Indians to remove Cherokee sued Georgia because they said they had no right over that land Supreme Court sided with Cherokee Georgia ignored ruling and forced them out
35
Trail of Tears
marches from tribes, mostly Cherokee moving to the Indian Territory many died bc of disease, hunger, and weather
36
Homestead Act
Congress gave settlers to land in exchange for them farming it for 5 years Germans and Scandinavians immigrated and took advantage which meant competition for Natives since they were willing to do the job for less
37
Dawes Severalty Act
Congress gave Natives reservation land that beloinged to tribe and they would split it into each male head of household many immigrants took over this land since natives had no protection
38
Industrial Revolution
Samuel Slater brought textile mill machines from Britain to US
39
Robert Fulton
steamboat which facilitated trade steam engine would be used in trains
40
Peter Cooper
locomotive
41
cotton gin
Eli Whitney
42
Cyrus McCormick
mechanical reaper cut wheat
43
John Deere
plow thick soil helped farmers plant and harvest huge crope
44
Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay made it separated the North as abolitionists and the south as slave states Missouri wanted to be a slave state but Maine was going to be a free state
45
Compromise of 1850
California would be part of the union Mexican territories could decide if they wanted to be pro or anti slavery
46
Tariff of Abominations
tariff on imports benefited north, south was against it
47
states rights doctrine
because states created national gov, more power to states than nation
48
nullification doctrine
states could nullify federal law that they thought was unconstitutional
49
Wilmot proviso
no slavery in Mexican acquired territories, it was ignored
50
Sectionalism
favor the interest of region vs country
51
Dred Scott Case
was a free slave who went to Missouri a slave state and tried to fight for his freedom Supreme Court said he was not a citizen of the US
52
Civil War
North: against slavery South: needed slavery for their economy
53
secession
South Caroline wanted to leave the Union and become independent southern states followed secession and they became the Confederation
54
Jefferson Davis
first president of the Confederate States
55
Rober E Lee
leader of the Confederate army
56
Emancipation Proclamation
Abraham Lincoln declared any slave that lived in a state that was rebelling was free
57
Battle of Gettysburg
turning point of the Civil War Robert E Lee wanted to surprise attack North but they won the battle
58
Sherman's March to the Sea
Sherman was leader of Union army -they destroyed the crops and took supplies from the South - went to each city destroying them so it would be hard to reconstruct
59
Battle of Appomattox Court House
south surrenders
59
Battle of Appomattox Court House
south surrenders
60
Reconstruction Era
south had to reconstruct their life after slavery was abolited
61
Reconstruction Acts of 1867
slowly started to readmit the southern states to the US
62
Plessy v Ferguson
segregation "separate but equal"
63
Gilded Age
few got rich as they monopolized while most people were poor huge corruption and bigger companies took over smaller ones eliminating competition
64
captains of industry
several men that became super rich bc of industrialization
65
patronage or spoils system
corruption where businessmen and presidents engaged in a mutual benefit relationship
66
Pendleton Civil Service Act
tried to stop the corruption of patronage jobs earned through merit gov positions had to be earned
67
Miguel Hidalgo
advocate for independence from Spain, but he wanted to return the land to natives and slavery killed but inspired others
68
Plan of Iguala
the Mexican's "declaration of independence"
69
Treaty of Cordoba
established Mexico as independent from Spain
70
Old Three Hundred
Moses Austin secured the first empresarial grant from Spain was going to lead 300 families to Texas but died so his son Stephen F Austin led them
71
Tension btw Mexico and Tejanos
more tejanos (American) than Mexicans in TX different cultures like religion caused tensions Tejanos wanted slavery and Mexico did not Mexico prohibited slavery but Tejanos ignored it Mexico bans any more US immigration to TX
72
Texas Revolution
started when Mexico asked the colonists for the canon they let them borrow agaisnt the Comanche but colonists did not want to give it back
73
Battle of Gonzalez
started the Texas Revolutiono
74
Texas Declaration of Independence
texas wanted their independence from mexico
75
Battle of the Alamo
Santa Anna took the Alamo and beat Texas soldiers bad
76
Battle of San Jacinto
Texans were pissed about the alamo so they surprise attacked Santa Anna and won They held Santa Anna captive and made texas independent
77
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
gave Texas their independence from mexico
78
Annexation of Texas
The US took Texas as part of the US and secured the Grande River as the border to Mexico

Social Studies (6 decks)

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