Revolution and New Nation Study Guide Flashcards
(101 cards)
Battle of Long Island
Cause: British (William Howe) wanted to capture NY so they could isolate the radical Northeastern colonists from the South
Effect: Ultimately forced Americans to Manhattan where they were surrounded (with the mist, Washington and friends escaped to NJ). Ultimately forced to Valley Forge, PA.
Battle of Saratoga
American victory because Burgoyne was a wuss, Horatio Gates cut down trees to block their path/raided British supply lines to Canada, and bc the British didn’t get reinforcements (from the other two prongs)
Effect: Morale boosted, secured alliance with the French (and money from the Dutch), foreign recognition of independence
Valley Forge
The military camp where Washington and the Continental Army suffered due to cold weather, fatigue, gross clothes, bad food, NO SHOES, malnutrition, and disease. Lots of deserters here, but the fact that Washington stayed with them was important
Philipsburg Proclamation
How the British got slaves to desert their masters and join Britain’s Ethiopian regiment (in return, they got protection behind British lines, freedom, and land)
Southern Strategy
Britain’s strategy 2.0 – Capture the southern colonies (VA, Carolinas, and GA) and use those loyal to the British to maintain power there (since there were more loyalists in the South)
Battle of Yorktown – Thee end
Cornwallis initially exploited social divisions (poor people didn’t want to fight for the rich) and he goes to secure/protect a harbor for the British fleet.
Effects: Washington surrounded Cornwallis, broke Britain’s resolve, and got GB to surrender
Treaty of Paris (1783)
US gets independence, America gets land south of Great Lakes and East of Mississippi, cession of native lab, no more persecuting British loyalists, fishing rights in Newfoundland
Four Attributes of a State
Population, territory, sovereignty, and government
Pennsylvania State Constitution
Abolished property requirements for voting as well as requirements for holding office (all male tax payers could vote or run for office)
Mixed Government
Form of government in which some issues are determined by the masses, some by a few, and some by a single person (democracy, aristocracy, and monarchy)
Articles of Confederation
Provided colonies with formal governmental structure and established functions of the national government. However, it was very limited so it wouldn’t violate the natural rights of people and could not tax people to pay back debt
Confederacy
Land Ordinances of 1784/1785
Northwest Ordinance
S
Shay’s Rebellion
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
Enumerated Powers
Elastic Clause
Separation of Powers
Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judicial Branch
Federalists
