Revolutionary War

Question 1

What did the stamp act require colonists to do?

Answer 1

• purchase special stamped paper for every legal document, license, newspaper, pamphlet, and almanacs
• forced colonists to pay stamp duties on playing cards and dice

Question 2

What secret resistance group was founded in boston as a result of the Stamp Act?

Answer 2

Sons of Liberty

Question 3

What did the Stamp Act Congress issue and what did it state?

Answer 3

• Declaration of Rights and Grievances

- Parliament couldn’t impose taxes because colonists were not represented in it

Question 4

What is a boycott?

Answer 4

“collective refusal to use, buy, or deal with, especially as an act of protest

Question 5

What forced parliament to repeal the Stamp Act?

Answer 5

the widespread boycott of importing British manufactured goods

Question 6

What were the Townshend Acts?

Answer 6

• direct taxes on lead, paint, glass, and paper

- 3 penny tax on tea

Question 7

What did Mercy Otis Warren urge women to do and why?

Answer 7

• to boycott furs, feathers, rich satins, and capes
• instead make cloth from spinning bees
• to show determination to boycott British goods

Question 8

What was the Boston Massacre?

Answer 8

• fist fight over jobs between British soldiers and colonists
• British guards killed 4 colonists
• colonists used propaganda against the British

Question 9

What prompted the Boston Massacre?

Answer 9

fight for jobs between poorly paid British soldiers looking for side jobs and colonists

Question 10

What did Prime Minister Lord Frederick North enact and for what purpose?

Answer 10

• rule allowing tea to be sold directly from British to colonists free of taxes
• to keep British tea store houses from going bankrupt

Question 11

Describe the Boston Tea Party

Answer 11

Colonist rebels disguised as indians snuck onto British ships storing tea and threw 18,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor

Question 12

What were the Intolerable Acts

Answer 12

-Boston Harbor shut down
-Quartering Act
-Thomas Gage was put in as governor of Massachusetts
This was King George III’s response to the Boston Tea Party

Question 13

What is martial law?

Answer 13

rule imposed by military forces

Question 14

What did the committees of correspondence assemble and what was drawn up?

Answer 14

Continental Congress; Declaration of Independence

Question 15

Who were the minutemen?

Answer 15

• civilian soldiers (militia)

- stock piled firearms and gunpowder

Question 16

Why did the British march on Concord?

Answer 16

to destroy all hidden ammunition stockpiles

Question 17

Describe the events of the Battles at Lexington and Concord

Answer 17

• British learned of hidden munitions
• march to concord
• minutemen learned of marches
• town began to prepare for battle

Question 18

Who was the royal governor of NJ?

Answer 18

William Franklin

Question 19

What actions did the Second continental Congress take?

Answer 19

• set up it own government and that congress declared the colonies independent
• militiamen encamped around Boston were declared as the Continental army
• also appointed George Washington leader

Question 20

What was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

Answer 20

-2,400 troops fought 3 attacks
-only the third succeeded due to the colonists running out of ammunition
-deadliest battle happened on braves hill
British had more casualties, but still won

Question 21

What was the Olive Branch Petition?

Answer 21

• given to King George III of england by the Continental Congress
• the king rejected it
• the king firedback by suggesting a naval blockade
• Colonists still wanted harmony, and hoped for peace, but readied for war

Question 22

What did Thomas Paine argue in Common Sense?

Answer 22

• America needed to be independent
• so it could be trade freely
• for equal social and economical opportunities
• wanted a republic which was America’s destiny

Question 23

What ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 23

• John Locke: natural rights (life, liberty, and property)
• government only has power because the people choose for them to have it
• people have right to overthrow if a government if they didn’t protect natural rights

Question 24

Who were the Patriots?

Answer 24

• wanted independence (but still loved england)

- supported the colonies not the crown

Question 25

How did loyalists differ from patriots?

Answer 25

Patriots- supported colonial government, supported independence, all were people who would benefit from independence
Loyalists- supported crown, supported dependance, some were previously judges for Britain, not all were for the crown but some just thought Britain would win

Question 26

What groups made up the Loyalists and the Patriots?

Answer 26

Patriots- merchants, artisans, elected officials, farmers, landowners, german colonists, thoses who thought they could benefit from independence
Loyalists- old judges, regular citizens

Question 27

Explain the dilemmas associated with “taking sides”

Answer 27

• Some (the Quakers) didn’t believe in war - sided with patriots
• British promised freedom for slaves (African Americans)
• (Native Americans) could benefit from land given by the British - sided with British

Question 28

What was Valley Forge?

Answer 28

• outside Philadelphia
• site Continental Army’s camp (winter 1777-1778)
• marked low for General Washington’s Troops
• poor conditions

Question 29

Describe what happened in New York?

Answer 29

• America defeat (32,000 British v.s. 23,000 poorly trained Americans
• British attacked Americans
• 1776
• continental Army retreated

Question 30

Describe the Battle of Trenton.

Answer 30

• surprise attack on British by Americans
• 30 British killed, 918 captured, 6 hessians captured
• Christmas night 1776
• 2,400 men in rowboats across Delaware river

Question 31

Describe the Philadelphia campaign.

Answer 31

-spring 1777- general Howe-wanted to seize American capital (Philadelphia)