Rhetoric Midterm Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the audience goals in rhetoric?
Mood, Mind, and Willingness to Act
What are the types of issue control in rhetoric?
Blame - Forensic (Past), Values - Demonstrative (Present), Choice - Deliberative (Future)
How does Aristotle define rhetoric?
Rhetoric is the faculty of seeing in any given case the available means of persuasion.
What is Bitzer’s definition of rhetorical situation?
A complex of persons, events, objects, and relations presenting an actual or potential exigence which can be completely or partially removed if discourse can constrain human decision or action.
What is exigence in a rhetorical situation?
A pre-existing condition that can be modified by discourse.
What is the nature of rhetoric according to the text?
A thing of utility and a mode of alternating reality.
What is an enthymeme?
A missing premise that is implied.
What are the three types of rhetoric based on time?
Deliberative - Choices/High Road (Future), Demonstrative - Values (Present), Forensic - Blame (Past)
What are the three Aristotelian proofs?
Ethos, Pathos, Logos
What are inartificial proofs?
Pre-existing proofs such as testimony given under torture.
What are artificial proofs?
Proofs created by the author or speaker.
What is a maxim?
A general statement that is a type of commonplace.
What is a commonplace?
A broad term we all agree on.
What is dialectic?
A dialogical method involving two sides aimed at defining truths.
What is the Socratic Dilemma in Plato’s Gorgias?
It is filtered through Plato and aims to define the purpose and value of rhetoric.
What does Plato’s Crito define?
Truth, what it means to be a citizen, the value of law, and justice.
What is dubitatio?
Doubt at the beginning of an argument.
What does Cicero suggest for beginning an argument?
Begin with an appeal to pathos.
What is the difference between a fight and an argument?
A fight has a winner and loser, while an argument ends in consensus.
What do orators require?
A general knowledge of all and natural talent.
What is passive voice in rhetoric?
A way of diffusing or avoiding blame, e.g., ‘Mistakes were made.’
What is the danger of humor in rhetoric?
It can backfire.
What is syncrisis?
References an argument by redigining it
What is dialysis?
Involves spelling out alternatives or presenting arguments that offer a choice between two options, ultimately leading to a conclusion.
