Rhetorical Terms 2

Question 0

The repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses

Answer 0

Anaphora

Question 1

A reference in a written or spoken text to another text or to some particular body of knowledge

Answer 1

Allusion

Question 2

The repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order.
Ex: you can take the boy out of the country, but you can’t take the country out of the boy

Answer 2

Antimetabole

Question 3

The juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas often in parallel structure.
Ex: place your virtues on a pedestal; put your vices under a rock

Answer 3

Antithesis

Question 4

An elaborate statement justifying some controversial, even contentious, position.

Answer 4

Apology

Question 5

Type of soliloquy where nature is addressed as though human.

Answer 5

Apostrophe

Question 6

In a text, the reference to words,action, or beliefs of a person in authority as a means of supporting a claim, generalization, or conclusion

Answer 6

Appeal to authority

Question 7

A carefully constructed, well-supported representation of how a writer sees an issue, problem, or subject.

Answer 7

Argument

Question 8

The repetition of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of two or more adjacent words.

Answer 8

Assonance

Question 9

The situation that results when a writer or speaker constructs an argument on an assumption that the audience does not accept.

Answer 9

Begging of the question

Question 10

The relationship expressing, “if X is the cause, then Y is the effect,” or,”if Y is the effect, then X caused it”.

Answer 10

Causal relationship (cause-and-effect relationship)

Question 11

The ultimate conclusion, generalization, or point that a syllogism or enthuse me expresses. The point, backed up by support, of an argument.

Answer 11

Claim

Question 12

A sentence with one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

Answer 12

Complex sentence

Question 13

A sentence with two or more independent clauses.

Answer 13

Compound sentence

Question 14

The struggle of characters with themselves, with others, or with the world around them.

Answer 14

Conflict

Question 15

The implied meaning of a word, in contrast to its directly expressed “dictionary meaning”.

Answer 15

Connotation

Question 16

The convergence of time, place, audience, and motivating factors in which a piece of writing or a speech is situated.

Answer 16

Context

Question 17

Facts, statistics, and examples the a speaker or writer offers in support of a claim, generalization, or conclusion.

Answer 17

Data

Question 18

The dictionary definition of a word, in contrast to its connotation, or implied meaning.

Answer 18

Denotation

Question 19

The omission of words, the meaning of which is provided by the overall context of a passage.

Answer 19

Ellipsis

Question 20

The repetition of a group of words at the end of successive clauses.

Ex: “they saw no evil, they spoke no evil, they heard no evil.”

Answer 20

Epistrophe

Question 21

Epithet

Answer 21

A word or phrase adding a characteristic to a person’s name

Ex: Richard the lion-hearted

Question 22

An indirect expression of unpleasant information in such a war as to lessen its impact.

Ex: downsizing rather than fired

Answer 22

Euphemism

Question 23

In ancient Roman oratory, the introduction of a speech, meant to draw the audience into the speech.

Answer 23

Exordium

Question 24

Language dominated by the use of schemes and tropes.

Answer 24

Figurative language

Question 25

A point that a speaker or writer generates on the basis of considering a number of particular examples.

Answer 25

Generalization

Question 26

In ancient Roman oratory, the method that the speakers used to memorize their speeches, connecting the introduction to the porch of a house, the narration and partition to the front foyer, the confirmation and refutation to rooms connected to the foyer, and the conclusion to the back door.

Answer 26

House analogy

Question 27

Language that evokes particular sensations or emotionally rich experiences in a reader.

Answer 27

Imagery

Question 28

A metaphor embedded in a sentence rather than expressed directly in a sentence. Ex: his voice was a cascade through the hallways

Answer 28

Implied metaphor

Question 29

A conclusion the a reader or listener reaches by means of his or her own thinking rather than by direct statement in text.

Answer 29

Inference

Question 30

The goal a writer or speaker hopes to achieve with the text | Also called aim or purpose

Answer 30

Intention

Question 31

Writing or speaking that implies the contrary of what is actually written or spoken.

Answer 31

Irony

Question 32

The specialized vocabulary of a particular group.

Answer 32

Jargon

Question 33

Vocabulary characterized by the choice of elaborate, often complicated words derived from Latin roots.

Answer 33

Latinate diction

Question 34

Understatement Ex: her performance ran the gamut if emotion from A to B.

Answer 34

Litotes

Question 35

The appeal of a text based on the logical structure of its argument or central ideas.

Answer 35

Logos

Question 36

An entity referred to by one if it's attributes or associations Ex: the admissions office claims applications have risen.

Answer 36

Metonymy

Question 37

A systematic aid to memory

Answer 37

Mnemonic device

Question 38

Juxtaposed words with seemingly contradictory meanings. Ex: jumbo shrimp

Answer 38

Oxymoron

Question 39

A statement that seems untrue on the surface but is true nevertheless.

Answer 39

Paradox

Question 40

An insertion of material that interrupts the typical flow of a sentence.

Answer 40

Parenthesis

Question 41

The appeal of a text to the emotions or interests of the audience.

Answer 41

Pathos

Question 42

Kenneth Burke's system fora analyzing motives and actions in communication. The five points are: act, agent, agency, scene, and purpose.

Answer 42

Pentad

Question 43

The substitution of an attributive word or phrase for a proper name, or the use of a proper name to suggest a personality characteristic. Ex: that young pop singer thinks she's a real Madonna doesn't she?

Answer 43

Periphrasis

Question 44

In ancient Roman oratory, the part of speech in which the speaker would draw together the entire argument and include material designed to compel the audience to think or act in a way consonant with the central argument.

Answer 44

Peroration

Question 45

The character that a writer if speaker conveys to the audience. ( plural ends in ae)

Answer 45

Persona

Question 46

Giving human characteristics to inanimate objects

Answer 46

Personification

Question 47

Referring to the moving back and forth from invention to revision in the process if writing.

Answer 47

Recursive

Question 48

In ancient Roman oratory, the part of a speech in which the speaker would anticipate objections to the points of being raised and counter them.

Answer 48

Refutation

Question 49

The art of analyzing all the choices involving language that a writer, speaker, or listener might make in a situation so that the text becomes meaningful, purposeful, and effective; the specific features of texts, written or spoken, that cause them to be meaningful, purposeful, and effective for readers or listeners in a situation.

Answer 49

Rhetoric

Question 50

A type of comparison that uses the word like or as.

Answer 50

Simile

Question 51

A writer's or speaker's apparent attitude toward the audience.

Answer 51

Stance

Question 52

The choices that writers or speakers make in language for effect.

Answer 52

Style

Question 53

A part of something used to refer to the whole Ex: 50 head of cow (50 complete animals)

Answer 53

Synecdoche

Question 54

A trope in which one word, usually a noun or the main verb, governs two other words not related in meaning Ex: he maintained a business and his innocence.

Answer 54

Zeugma