Rhetorics

Question 1

Ethos

Answer 1

An appeal to morality (right vs wrong)
“creates ethos”
“appeals to morality”

Question 2

Pathos

Answer 2

An appeal to emotion. *You must identify WHICH emotion.
“creates pathos”
“appeals to [identify emotion]”

Question 3

Logos

Answer 3

An appeal to logic or rational thought
“creates logos”
“appeals to logic”

Question 4

Rhetorical Question

Answer 4

A question posed without an expected response
“questions [describe what is being questioned]”

Question 5

Tonal Shift

Answer 5

A change in the speaker’s attitude.
“__’s tone shifts from [tone 1] to [tone 2]”

Question 6

Juxtaposition

Answer 6

Placing things side by side, creating a relationship
“juxtaposes [item 1] and [item 2]”

Question 7

Repetition

Answer 7

Repeating words or phrases intentionally.
*Not just because it’s the topic of the text
“repeats [word/phrase]”

Question 8

Cause-Effect

Answer 8

A structural device that poses actions and reactions.
(If-Then Sentences/Format)
“employs cause and effect structure”

Question 9

Anticipating Objections

Answer 9

The author addresses what the opposition might say before they can say it
“anticipates possible objections”

Question 10

Allusion

Answer 10

A reference to history or literature
“alludes to [reference]”

Question 11

Illustration/ Imagery

Answer 11

Using sensory language or detail to create a picture.
(A vivid example).
“illustrates [describe the image]”

Question 12

Irony

Answer 12

Pointing out disparity in expectation and reality.
“explains the irony of [describe the situation]”

Question 13

Comparison/ Contrast

Answer 13

Like juxtaposition, but the relationship is similarities or differences.
“[compares/contrasts] [describe what is being compared/contrasted]”

Question 14

Word Choice/Diction

Answer 14

The selection of words the author uses. *Must have a descriptor to specify diction
“employs [type of] diction”

Question 15

Anticipating Objections

Answer 15

The author addresses what the opposition might say before they can say it
“anticipates possible objections”

Question 16

Syntax

Answer 16

Sentence structure and variety. *Look for patterns and intentional breaks in pattern.
“[describe the pattern]”
Ex: “employs short, assertive sentences to__, then uses a long sentence to __”

Question 17

Ad Hominem

Answer 17

attacks the person making an argument instead of the argument itself to discredit the person rather than addressing their argument.

Question 18

Appeal to Authority

Answer 18

tries to support their argument by citing a respected authority figure rather than providing evidence or sound reasoning.

Question 19

False Dilemma

Answer 19

presents only two options as if they are the only possible choices, when in fact there are many other options available.

Question 20

Hasty Generalization

Answer 20

draws a conclusion based on insufficient evidence or an unrepresentative sample.

Question 21

Slippery Slope

Answer 21

argues that one event will lead inevitably to a series of negative events, without providing evidence to support this claim.

Question 22

Straw Man

Answer 22

misrepresents or exaggerates an opponent’s argument in order to make it easier to attack or discredit.