Rheumatology/MSK

Question 1

What is Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?

Answer 1

Seen in females, pruritus, xanthomas, anti-mitochondrial antibody

Question 2

What is Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?

Answer 2

p-ANCA antibody, bile duct inflammation, onion skinning, IBD

Question 3

What is Type I Autoimmune Hepatitis?

Answer 3

Seen in young women, anti-smooth muscle Ab

Question 4

What is Type II Autoimmune Hepatitis?

Answer 4

Seen in kids, Anti-LKM Ab

Question 5

What is Bullous Pemphigold?

Answer 5

Anti-Hemidesmosome Ab, subepithelial skin bullae

Question 6

What is Celiac Sprue?

Answer 6

Anti-Gliaden Ab can’t eat wheat / bread products = Steatorrhea, Associated with Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Question 7

What antibody is associated with CREST Syndrome?

Answer 7

Anti-Centromere Ab

Question 8

What is Dermatitis Herpetiformis?

Answer 8

Vesicles on anterior thigh, Anti-BMZ Ab, Anti-Endomysial Ab

Question 9

What is Dermatomyositis?

Answer 9

Anti-Jo-1 Ab Myositis with a rash, Associated with occult malignancy

Question 10

What is DM Type 1?

Answer 10

Polyuria, Polydipsia, weight loss, Anti-Islet cell Ab, Anti-GAD Ab, post infection, DKA

Question 11

What is Drug Induced Lupus?

Answer 11

Anti-Histone Ab “HIPPPE” drugs cause this. H – Hydralazine, I – INH, P – Phenytoin, P – Procainamide, P – Penicillamine, E - Ethosuximide

Question 12

What is Gastritis Type A?

Answer 12

Anti-Parietal cell, an Atrophic Gastritis Adenocarcinoma

Question 13

What is Goodpasture’s?

Answer 13

Anti- GBM Ab, attacks the lung and kidney, can progress to RPGN and death

Question 14

What is Grave’s Disease?

Answer 14

Anti-TSHr Ab, Hyperthyroid, Exophthalmos, Pretibial Myxedema

Question 15

What is Hashimoto’s?

Answer 15

Anti-Microsomal Ab / anti-TPO Hypothyroid

Question 16

What is ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura)?

Answer 16

Anti-Platelet Ab Anti - GP2b3a Ab Thrombocytopenia

Question 17

What is MCTD (Mixed Connective Tissue Disease)?

Answer 17

Anti-RNP Ab

Question 18

What is Mononucleosis?

Answer 18

Heterophile Ab positive, teenager with sore throat, Lymphadenopathy, Splenomegaly, kissing disease

Question 19

What is MPGN Type II?

Answer 19

Anti-C3 convertase Ab = C3 nephritic factor

Question 20

What is Paroxysmal Hemolysis?

Answer 20

Donath Landsteiner Ab, (they bleed when they are cold)

Question 21

What is Pemphigus Vulgaris?

Answer 21

Anti-Desmosome Ab (skin sloughs off when touched), starts in oral mucosa

Question 22

What is Pernicious Anemia?

Answer 22

Anti-IF Ab, vitamin B12 deficiency = Megaloblastic Anemia

Question 23

What is Polyarteritis Nodosa?

Answer 23

p-ANCA Ab, attacks the gut kidneys and nervous system, associated with Hep B infection, there is no pulmonary environment

Question 24

What is Post-Strep GN?

Answer 24

ASO Ab, Nephritic with complement deposition, after 3 weeks post infection

Question 25

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Answer 25

Rheumatoid factor present pain and swelling is worse in the morning, anti-citrullinated peptide protein antibodies

Question 26

What is Scleroderma?

Answer 26

Anti-Scl70 Ab, (Anti-TopoI) fibrosis tight skin, masked faces

Question 27

What is Sjogrens?

Answer 27

Anti-SSA Ab, dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

Question 28

What is SLE?

Answer 28

Anti-ds DNA / Sm / Cardiolipin Ab, Malar Rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, rheumatoid factor positive, VDRL test but not infected, FTA-ABS to confirm

Question 29

What is SLE Cerebritis?

Answer 29

Anti-Neuronal Ab, Anti-Ribosomal Ab

Question 30

What is Vitiligo?

Answer 30

Anti-Melanocyte Ab, white patches on skin

Question 31

What is Warm Hemolysis?

Answer 31

Anti-Rh Ab, bleeds at body temperature

Question 32

What is Wegner's?

Answer 32

c-ANCA Ab, attacks ENT, lungs, and kidney

Question 33

What is HSP?

Answer 33

IgA Disease 2 or 3 days post common cold or GI infection, leads to Berger's

Question 34

What is Berger's?

Answer 34

IgA Disease 2 weeks post vaccination, serum sickness

Question 35

What is Alport's?

Answer 35

IgA Disease 2 weeks after diarrhea, HSP, and Polio

Question 36

Where is CK-MB found?

Answer 36

Heart

Question 37

Where is CK-MM found?

Answer 37

Muscle

Question 38

Where is CK-BB found?

Answer 38

Brain

Question 39

Why should you wait 30 minutes after a meal before swimming?

Answer 39

All blood is shunted to the GI for digestion, digestion depletes ATP, stores No ATP = No muscle movement

Question 40

How does a Neurogenic Muscle Disease present?

Answer 40

Distal weakness and fasciculation’s

Question 41

How does a Myopathic Muscle Disease present?

Answer 41

Proximal weakness and pain

Question 42

What is a Light Chain Composed of?

Answer 42

Actin

Question 43

What is a Heavy Chain Composed of?

Answer 43

Myosin

Question 44

What Band of the Sarcomere does not change length?

Answer 44

The A Band

Question 45

Where are the T-Tubules located?

Answer 45

Cardiac Muscle: At the Z line, Skeletal Muscle: At the A-I Junction

Question 46

What is Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy?

Answer 46

Caused by a Dystrophin Frameshift Defective Dystrophin, patients will have a Gower sign and calf Pseudohypertrophy

Question 47

What is Becker's Muscular Dystrophy?

Answer 47

Dystrophin Missense, milder form of DMD, symptoms present after 5 years of age.

Question 48

What is seen with Myotonic Dystrophy?

Answer 48

Bird's Beak Face, can't let go when they shake hands

Question 49

What is Myasthenic Syndrome?

Answer 49

Patients will tell you they get stronger as the day goes by, stronger with EMG, Is associated with small cell CA - Lambert-Eaton Syndrome

Question 50

What is Myasthenia Gravis?

Answer 50

Anti-ACH postsynaptic Ab, patients between approximately 20-30 years old get weaker as the day goes by (dysarthria, Ptosis and dysphagia), periotic exacerbations get stronger with Edrophonium, weaker on EMG, must rule out Thyoma

Question 51

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 51

Due to production of Anti-Myelin antibody, Seen more common in 20-40 year old women, complain of vision disturbances, spasticity (UMN), decreased sensation, symptoms wax and wane - each MS attack gets worse