Rhomboids Flashcards
(27 cards)
Rhomboids
Action-
Retraction of the scapula
Elevated the scapula
Downward rotation of the scapula
D- lungs
O- medial border of the scapula
I- spinous processes C7-T5
R- very local, along medial border of scap and top of scap
Levator Scapulae
Action- elevates the scapula
Downward rotation of the scap
Lateral flexion of head/ neck
Rotation of head/ neck to the same side
O- transverse processes C1-C4
I- medial border of scapula, between the spine of the scap & superior angle
R- local, run down spine of scap and onto back of shoulder
Upper trapezius
Action- upper fibres: lateral flexion to the same side, rotate head & neck to opposite side, elevate the scap and upward rotation
Middle fibres: retract scap/ stabilise scap
Lower fibres: depress scapula, upward rotation of the scapula
O- EOP, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T12
I- lateral one third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
D- lungs
R- kite shape referral, mainly acroniom , occiput, C7-T12
Deltoids
Action- All fibres: glenohumeral abduction
Anterior fibres: flex the shoulder, internally rotate, horizontal flexion
Posterior fibres: extend shoulder, external rotation, horizontal extension
O- anterior: lateral 3rd of the clavicle
Medial: acromion
Posterior: spine of the scapula
I- deltoid tuberosity
R- very local, might go behind the shoulder
Teres Minor
Action: external rotation of the shoulder
adduct the shoulder & stabilise the head of the humerus in the Glenoid cavity
D- radial nerve
O- Mid portion of the lateral border of the scapula
I- greater tubercle of the humerus
R- local, runs down back of shoulder
Multifidus
Actions:
Stabilisation and support of vertebral column. Active TP’s/ MDN to latent TP’s can improve facilitation to multifidus
O- extensor origin/ sacrum
I- transverse processes T1-T4 inferior
D- spinal nerves
R- lower sacrum, middle of spine between scapula (4trps)
Splenius Capitis
Actions:
bilaterally= cervical extension
Unilaterally= rotation of head/neck to same side & lateral flexion of head/neck to same side
D- vertebral artery - no MDN superior to C2
O- inferior 3rd of ligamentum nuchae and SP’s of C7 - T4
I- mastoid process and arteral portion of superior nuchal line
R- top of skull
Splenius Cervicis
Actions:
Bilaterally: cervical extension
Unilaterally: lateral flexion of head/neck to same side and rotation of head/neck to same side
O- SP’s of T3-T6
I- TP’s of C1-C3
D- vertebral artery - no mdn superior to C2
R- base of neck, around eye/eye
Semispinalis capitis
Action: cervical extension
O- articular processes of C4-C6 & TP’s of T1-T6
I- Between superior/ inferior nuchal line of the occiput
D- vertebral artery
R- back of neck, back of head/side (3trps)
Supraspinatus
Action:
Glenohumeral abduction
Stabilise the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity
O- supraspious fossa of the scapula
I- greater tubercle of the humerus
D- joint capsule
R- local, runs down shoulder and arm
Teres Major
Actions: glenohumeral internal rotation
Addiction of the shoulder and extends the shoulder
O- inferior angle & lower 3rd of the lateral border of the scapula
I- medial lip of intertubercular grove (crest of lesser tubercle of humerus)
D - radial nerve
R- all shoulder, forearm
Infraspinatus
Actions: Glenohumeral external rotation Adduction of the shoulder Stabilise the head of the humerus in GH D- joint capsule O- infraspinous fossa of scapula I- greater tubercle of humerus R- spine of scapula/ runs down arm front and back, side of neck (3trps)
Biceps brachii
Actions: flex and supinate forearm at the elbow, weakly flexes the humerus at the shoulder
O- long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Short heard: coracoid process of scapula
I- radial tuberosity & bicipital aponeurosis of the forearm
D- medial nerve
R- origin to insertion (2trps)
Triceps Brachii
Actions: all heads: extend the elbow
Long head: extends and adducts the shoulder
O- long head - infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Lateral head- posterior surface of proximal half of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial head- posterior surface of distal half of humerus, inferior to radial groove
I- olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
R- back of elbow, runs all way down back of arm into fingers
Brachioradialis
Action: elbow flexion
O- proximal 2/3rds of the lateral supracondylar side of the humerus
I- radial styloid process
D- nerves
R- elbow/ runs down forearm to thumb
Extensor Capri radialis Longus
Action- extend wrist
Radial deviation of wrist
Assist to flex the elbow
O- distal 3rd of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I- base of 2nd metacarpal
R- origin/ insertion, runs down forearm
Extensor Capri radialis brevis
Action: extend wrist
Radial deviation of wrist
Asssist to flex the elbow
O- CEO from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I- base of the 3rd metacarpal
R- down arm/ mainly around top of wrist
Extensor Capri ulnaris
Action: extend wrist, ulnar deviation of the wrist
O- CEO from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I- base of the 5th metacarpal
R- side of wrist, pinky side
Extensor digitorum
Action: extend 2nd- 5th fingers, assist to extend wrist
O- CEO from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I- base of middle and distal phalanx of 2nd-5th fingers
Supinator
Actions: supination
D- posterior interossious nerve
O- lateral epicondyle of humerus
Radial collateral ligament, annular ligament and superior crest of ulna
I- anterior lateral surface of proximal 3rd of radial shaft
R- elbow, middle of thumb and pointer finger
Flexor Capri radialis
Action:
Flexion of the wrist
Radial deviation, assists elbow flexion
O- CFT from medial epicondyle of humerus
I- bases of 2nd- 3rd metacarpals
R- base of bottom of hand near wrist
D- femoral artery
Flexor Capri ulnaris
Action: flexion of wrist
Ulnar deviation
Assist elbow flexion
O- humeral head: CFT from medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: posterior surface of proximal 2/3rds of ulna
I- pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
R- ulna side of wrist
D- femoral artery
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Action: flex the 2nd - 5th fingers, flex the wrist
O- CFT from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interossues membrane, proximal shaft of radius
I- sides of middle phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
R- middle finger and last two fingers
D- femoral artery
Pronator Teres
Action: Pronate the forearm
Assists to flex the elbow
O- CFT from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
I- middle of lateral surface of the radius
D- median nerve
R- runs down the side of thumb and inside of arm
