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Rhône Valley Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

The Rhône River stretches from what country to what sea?

A

From Switzerland to the Mediterranean Sea

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2
Q

What are the French names for the Northern and Southern Rhône respectively?

A

Rhône septentrionale (north)

Rhône méridionale (south)

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3
Q

Between what cities is the Northern Rhône located?

A

Vienne in the north to Valence to the south

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4
Q

What is vinum picatum?

A

Wine that was shipped in amphorae and clay lined with resin during the Roman occupation of the lands of Gaul

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5
Q

Who moved his court from Rome to Avignon in 1309 effectively making the Southern Rhône the center of Christian Europe? Who was responsible for the vines planted surrounding the papal palace?

A

Pope Clement V

Pope John XXII planted the vines

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6
Q

Through what famous French wine region were Rhone wines exported to England during the 18th century?

A

The Loire Valley

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7
Q

When did Phylloxera appear in the Southern Rhône making it the first major wine region to be affected by the louse?

A

1863

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8
Q

What led the growers and producers of Châteauneuf-du-Pape to prepare and impose a set of rules for production following the phylloxera outbreak in the late 1800s? What did this set of rules lay the foundation for?

A

Widespread fraud

These rules and guidelines regarding production played the foundation and framework for what would one day become the Appellation Contrôlée system

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9
Q

When did Châteauneuf become an AOC affectively making it the first major wine region to receive acknowledgement as such?

A

1936

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10
Q

What are the climates of the Northern and Southern Rhône respectively?

A

Northern is continental

Southern is mediterranean

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11
Q

How does the climate of the Northern Rhône compare to the climate of the Southern Rhône?

A

The Northern Rhône experiences greater seasonal temperature shifts, more rainfall, and fewer annual hours of sunshine than the southern appellations.

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12
Q

What is the name of the major cold, dry wind that blows down from the Massif Central and affects the Northern Rhône in winter and spring?

A

Le Mistral

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13
Q

What major benefit to the vines does Le Mistral provide despite its strength which has many vines in the Northern Rhone growing bent southwards?

A

Dries the vineyards, preventing mold and mildew from taking hold.

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14
Q

What is the defining soil type of the bedrock in the Northern Rhône particularly in the vineyards of Côte-Rotie, Condrieu, and Hermitage?

A

granitic and schistous soils

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15
Q

What is the main topsoil type of Condrieu?

A

Arzelle, which is powdery decomposed mica

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16
Q

What type of soils are present in the southern sectors of St.-Jospeh, Crozes-Hermitage, and Saint-Péray?

A

heavier clays

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17
Q

How is classic Northern Rhône syrah described?

A

full-bodied, firm, and savory, manifesting a host of signature secondary aromas including smoke, grilled meat, olive, lavender, and peppercorn

darkly savage and dramatic, gamy, meaty, animal, exotic smoky incense, forest, leather, black plums, blackberries, and blue berries

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18
Q

What is the traditional fermentation vessel for Northern Rhône Syrah?

A

Traditionally fermented and aged in large oak foudres, although some producers are experimenting with new barriques

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19
Q

What are the five appellations in the Northern Rhône for Syrah?

A 
Côte-Rôtie
Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage
Cornas
Saint-Joseph
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20
Q

What is the cepage for Cornas?

A

100% Syrah

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21
Q

What is the maximum amount of Viognier that can be included in the cepage of Côte-Rotie?

A

Max 20%

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22
Q

What is the maximum % of Marsanne and/or Roussanne that may be added to Syrah in the cepages for Hermitage and Crozes-Hermitage?

A

max 15% (thus min 85% Syrah)

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23
Q

What is the maximum % of Marsanne and/or Roussanne that may be added to Syrah in the cepage for St.-Joseph?

A

max 10% (thus min 90% Syrah)

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24
Q

What is the benefit of cofermentation of Syrah with Viognier or Marsanne and/or Roussanne?

A

Fixes color in the wine and moderates tannin extraction while softening the tannic structure and adding exotic aroma

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25
Q

What town do the vineyards of Côte-Rotie rise up over?

A

Ampuis

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26
Q

Who is the largest producer in Côte-Rotie?

A

E. Guigal

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27
Q

What two slopes are considered the heart of the Côte-Rotie appellation?

A

Côte Brune and Côte Blonde

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28
Q

Wines produced from the Côte Blonde are described as producing wines with what characteristics?

A

softer, alluring wines, more elegant and racy

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29
Q

Wines produced from the Côte Brune are described as producing wines with what characteristics?

A

stronger and more assertive; more tannic and powerful

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30
Q

What are four producers of La Landonne?

A

Guigal, René Rostaing, J.M. Gérin,and Delas Frères

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31
Q

What is the village below the hill of Hermitage?

A

Tain l’Hermitage

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32
Q

What is the dominant aspect of the hill of Hermitage?

A

South

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33
Q

What are the four biggest producers in Hermitage?

A

JL Chave
Delas
M. Chapoutier
Jaboulet

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34
Q

Who makes “La Chapelle”?

A

Jaboulet

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35
Q

What are 7 top climats in Hermitage?

A 
L'Hermite
Le Meal
Les Bessards
Gréffieux
Beaume
Péléat
Maison Blanche
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36
Q

Why is Cornas so warm?

A

It is sheltered from the Mistral and its soil type, gore (naked granite) magnifies the heat of the sun

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37
Q

What are the four major lieux-dits of Cornas?

A

Les Reynards
La Côte
Les Chaillot
Les Mazards

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38
Q

What is the smallest red wine appellation in the Northern Rhône? What is the approximate size of it?

A

Cornas (just over 100ha)

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39
Q

Who has long been considered the standard bearer for Cornas? How does he ferment his wine?

A

Auguste Clape

Whole cluster fermentation in old demi-muids

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40
Q

The original vineyard area of St.-Joseph before expansion is closes to which commune? What appellation is it located directly across the Rhône River from?

A

Tournon-sur-Rhône

Across from Hermitage

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41
Q

What two Syrah appellations of the Northern Rhône are highly variable and provide the majority of the most basic quality level wine in the region?

A

St.-Joseph and Crozes-Hermitage

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42
Q

Which three appellations in the Northern Rhône are permitted for the production of both red and white wine? Red only?

A

Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage, and St.-Jospeh (red and white)

Cornas and Côte-Rôtie (red only)

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43
Q

The appellation of St.-Péray produces wines exclusively form what grapes?

A

Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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44
Q

What characteristics does Roussanne add to white Rhône blends?

A

Acidity and waxy minerality with flavors of quince, peaches, and lime blossoms

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45
Q

What characteristics does Marsanne add to white Rhône blends?

A

broad, oily texture and marzipan character

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46
Q

What are three top producers of Condrieu?

A

Georges Vernay
Yves Cuilleron
André Perret

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47
Q

Château Grillet is often incorrectly cited as the smallest appellation in France. What is the smallest appellation in France?

A

La Romanée AOC

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48
Q

What are the four minor appellations in the Northern Rhône located in the southeast of the region along the Drôme River?

A

Coteaux de Die AOP
Crémant de Die AOP
Clairette de Die AOP
Châtillon-en-Dios AOP

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49
Q

What is the cepage for Coteaux de Die?

A

100% Clairette

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50
Q

What is the cepage for Crémant de Die?

A

Min 55% Clairette, min 10% Aligoté, 5-10% Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

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51
Q

For how long must Crémant de Die remain on the lees? How much aging total must it see prior to release?

A

Min 9 months on lees with 12 months of total aging.

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52
Q

What is the maximum RS (dosage) allowed for Crémant de Die?

A

max 15g/L

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53
Q

What two styles of wine are produced in Clairette de Die AOP?

A 
Traditional method (blanc mousseux)
Ancestral method (Méthode Dioise Ancestrale)
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54
Q

What is the cepage for Clairette de Die Blanc Mousseux?

A

100% Clairette

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55
Q

What is the confusing cepage for Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale?

A

Min 75% Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains plus Clairette

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56
Q

What % of total wine produced annually does the Southern Rhône account for?

A

95%

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57
Q

What is a defining winemaking practice of the Southern Rhône that is more omnipresent than in the Northern Rhône?

A

blending

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58
Q

What is the most planted red grape in the Southern Rhône?

A

Grenache

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59
Q

What does Grenache lend to red Southern Rhône blends?

A

richness of body, sweet fruit, and warmth

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60
Q

What do Syrah and Mourvèdre contribute to red blends from the Southern Rhône?

A

structure and depth of color

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61
Q

What does Cinsault provide to red wine blends in the Southern Rhône and what style of wine most often produced with it?

A

provides finesse and freshness, and is often utilized for rosé wines

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62
Q

What are the five main red grapes of the Southern Rhône?

A

Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, and Carignan

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63
Q

What is the name for the unique pudding stones that grow in the Châteauneuf-du-Pape region and what are they composed of? What benefit do they provide for the vines?

A

Galets

made of quartzite and smoothed by the river

store heat, releasing it to warm the vines at night. Also store moisture resisting times of drought

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64
Q

How many grapes are permitted for the production of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A

13 (or 18 depending how one counts the grapes)

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65
Q

What is the main grape of Château de Beaucastel’s wines?

A

Mourvèdre

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66
Q

What is the cepage of Château Rayas’s CDP?

A

100% Grenache

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67
Q

What appellation boasts the highest min alcohol requirement of any AOP in France? What is it?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

min 12.5%

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68
Q

What is le râpe? Why does this exist?

A

Mandate that applies to CDP producers requiring them to declassify or discard at least 2% of harvested grapes.

Serves as a safeguard against underripeness

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69
Q

What CDP producer released the first estate-bottled wine in the region? When was this?

A

Château La Nerthe in 1785

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70
Q

What is embossed on the shoulder of wines produced from Châteauneuf-du-Pape? What does it consist of? What is the name of the new bottle used with a bishops hat instead of a pope’s and with the coat of arms absent?

A

papal crest
Papal tiara over the keys of St. Peter

La Mitrale is the new bottle

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71
Q

In addition to galets, what other soil types are present throughout CDP?

A

alluvial sediment exists for gravel, calcareous clay, and sand

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72
Q

What is the traditional aging vessel for CDP wines?

A

Old oak foudre

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73
Q

What are the 13 permitted grapes for Châteauneuf-du-Pape production?

A 
Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
Syrah
Mourvèdre
Cinsault
Counoise
Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
Terret Noir
Bourboulenc
Clairette/Clairette Rosé
Roussanne
Vaccarèse
Picardin
Muscardin
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74
Q

What is the largest appellation in the Southern Rhône? What fraction of the Rhône Valley’s total annual production is released as Côtes du Rhône

A

Côtes du Rhône

2/3

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75
Q

Côtes du Rhône may be produced in what three colors? Côtes du Rhône-Villages?

A

Red, white, and rosé (same for both)

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76
Q

What are the 20 communes that may append their name to the appellation Côtes du Rhône-Villages?

A

Chusclan
Gadagne
Laudun
Massif d’Uchaux

Plan de Dieu
Puymeras
Roaix
Rochegude
Rousset-les-Vignes

Saint-Gervais
Saint-Maurice
Saint-Pantaléon-les-Vignes

Séguret
Signargues
Sablet
Suze-la-Rousses

Vaison-La-Romaine
Valréas
Visan

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77
Q

When was Gigondas promoted from Côtes du Rhône Villages to AOP? Vacqueyras?

A

Gigondas (1971)

Vacqueyras (1990)

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78
Q

What colors of wine are produced in Gigondas?

A

Still red and rosé

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79
Q

What is the main soil type of Gigondas?

A

Red clay, alluvial soils

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80
Q

What is the minimum % of Grenache required in Gigondas (all wines) and Vacqueyras (rouge)?

A

min 50%

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81
Q

What major grape of the Southern Rhône and Southern France is excluded from the cepage of Gigondas?

A

Carignan

82
Q

What colors of wine are produced in Vacqueyras?

A

Red, white, and rosé

83
Q

What is the min % of Grenache required for the red wines of Beaumes-de-Venise AOP and Vinsobres AOP?

A

min 50%

84
Q

When were Beaumes-de-Venise and Vinsobres promoted to AOP respectively?

A

Beaumes de Venise (2005)

Vinsobres (2006)

85
Q

What former Côte du Rhône Village commune was most recently promoted to AOP? When? What styles of wine are produced here?

A

Cairanne in 2016

dry red and white

86
Q

What 5 southern Rhône appellations all share CDPs min abv % of 12.5%?

A 
Gigondas
Vacqueyras
Vinsobres
Beaumes-de-Venise
Cairanne
87
Q

Which AOP is said to have served as the doorway for the Phylloxera outbreak despite its high presence of sandier soils? When was this?

A

Lirac AOP

1863

88
Q

Lirac is located across the Rhône from what AOP?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOP

89
Q

What is the main red grape of Lirac? What are the main white grapes?

A

Grenache (red)

Grenache Blanc
Clairette
Bouboulenc

90
Q

What is the rosé only appellation in the Southern Rhône? What is the main grape?

A

Tavel AOP

Grenache

91
Q

What are the two Vin doux naturel (VDN) appellations of the Southern Rhône?

A

Rasteau AOP

Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise AOP

92
Q

What local cooperative is responsible for 90% of Muscat-Beaumes-de-Venis produced in the appellation? What two communes are sourced for this VDN’s production?

A

Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise

Venis and Aubignan

93
Q

What is mutage?

A

The process of arresting or preventing a fermentation through fortification with a grape spirit. Used in the production of VDN and VDL wines.

94
Q

Rastau Vin Doux Naturels wines are made in what colors and from what grapes?

A

red, white, and rosé from Grenache, Grenache Blanc, and Grenache Gris

95
Q

What three communes are eligible for the production of Rasteau VDN AOP? Rasteau dry red wines?

A

Rasteau
Cairanne
Sablet

Rasteau only for dry reds

96
Q

How do Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venis wines compare to Rasteau wines?

A

Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venis are typically fresher and more aromatic

Rasteau wines show more tawny flavors

97
Q

in 2011 Rasteau vignerons adopted the terminology used in Rivesatles in Roussillon to describe white and red VDN wines showing an oxidative character. What are these terms respectively? What are the terms used to describe fresher versions of white and red Rasteau?

A

ambré and tuilé (oxidative character)

blanc and grenat (fresher)

98
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rasteau Hors d’Age?

A

Aged for at least 5 years prior to release

99
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rasteau blanc and grenat? Tuilé and Ambré?

A

Blanc and Grenat (1 year)

Ambré and Tuilé (3 years)

100
Q

How are Rasteau Rancio wines produced and what character must they show in the finished wine?

A

Produced by leaving the wine in open barrels, exposed to the ravages of sunlight and temperature.

Final wines must show an oxidative and maderized character

101
Q

Since what year has Rasteau been permitted for the production of dry unfortified reds?

A

2010

102
Q

What is the Southern Rhône’s northernmost appellation? What commune is it located directly south of? What was this AOP formerly known as prior to 2010?

A

Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP
located south of Montélimar

Côtes du Tricastin

103
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Luberon, Ventoux, and Côtes du Vivarais?

A

red, white, and rosé

104
Q

What former appellation of the Languedoc became part of the Rhône Valley in 2004?

A

Costières de Nîmes

105
Q

What styles of wine are produce in Costières de Nîmes?

A

dry red, white, and rosé

106
Q

What is the name of the Clairette appellation within Costières de Nîmes?

A

Clairette de Bellegarde

107
Q

Syrah is a crossing of what two grapes?

A

Mondeuse Blanche and Dureza

108
Q

What parent do both Syrah and Viognier share?

A

Mondeuse Blanche

109
Q

How many vineyards are in Côte-Rôtie?

A

approximately 60

110
Q

What type of fermentation is traditional in the Northern Rhône? What does this contribute to the wine?

A

whole cluster

gives the wine more edge and grip from the extra tannin in the stems. Also gives the wine aromas and flavors of sandalwood, spice, and briary character.

111
Q

From what vineyards in Côte-Rôtie are the wines commonly declassified to Côte-du-Rhône?

A

The vineyards on the plateaus above the slopes

112
Q

What are the three La Las of Guigal?

A

La Mouline
La Turque
La Landonne

113
Q

What are three other La Las than Guigal’s?

A

La Chatillone
La Garde
La Chevalière

114
Q

What major Negociant in the Northern Rhône is owned by Louis Roederer?

A

Delas Frères

115
Q

When did Guigal first start using new oak on his wines?

A

1970s

116
Q

What are 6 producers of quality Côte-Côte-Rôtie other than the ?

A 
Jamet
Clusel-Roch
Gilles Barges
Robert Jasmin
Michel Ogier
René Rostaing
J.M. Gerin
Château de St. Cosme
Yves Gangloff
117
Q

What are the 4 biggest firms for production in Côte-Rôtie?

A

E. Guigal
M. Chapoutier
Paul Jaboulet Aîné
Delas Frères

118
Q

What company that owns Château Latour also owns Château Grillet?

A

Artemis

119
Q

What vine growing area is the largest grower of Viognier outside of France? How much more Viognier is produced there than in the Rhône Valley?

A

California

10 times more

120
Q

What is widely considered the top producer of Condrieu?

A

Georges Vernay

121
Q

What are 5 excellent producers of Condrieu?

A 
Georges Vernay
André Perret
Yves Cuilleron
Philippe Faury
Yves Gangloff
François Villard
Robert Niero
René Rostaing
E. Guigal
122
Q

When was the St.-Joseph AOP established?

A

1956

123
Q

What are 5 top producers of St.-Joseph?

A 
Bernard Gripa
André Perret
JL Chave
Yves Cuilleron
Gonon
124
Q

How tall is the hill of Hermitage?

A

1,000 ft (300m)

125
Q

What are the two finest Hermitage Blancs?

A

JL Chave’s Hermitage Blanc

M. Chapoutier’s l’Ermite Blanc

126
Q

What are 6 top producers of Hermitage?

A 
JL Chave
E. Guigal
Marc Sorrel
M. Chapoutier
Paul Jaboulet Aîné
Ferraton
127
Q

What is the largest appellation in the Northern Rhône?

A

Crozes-Hermitage

128
Q

How much larger is Crozes-Hermitage compared to Hermitage?

A

10 times larger

129
Q

How do the wines of Crozes-Hermitage compare to Hermitage?

A

Less concentrated as they come from higher yielding vineyards mostly on the flatlands south and east of Hermitage

130
Q

What are 8 top producers of Crozes-Hermitage?

A 
Alain Graillot
Albert Belle
Domaine Combier
M. Chapoutier
Tardieu-Laurent 
Gilles Robin 
Domaine des Entrefaux
Domaine des Remizières
131
Q

For how long should the best bottles of Cornas be cellared before opening?

A

5-7 years or more

132
Q

What are 8 top producers of Cornas?

A 
Auguste Clape
Franck Balthazar
Thierry Allemand
Jean-Luc Colombo
Pierre Gaillard
Corbis
Vincent Paris
Domaine du Tunnel
133
Q

Château de Beaucastel’s Châteauneuf-du-Pape Vieille Vignes Blanc is based on what grape?

A

100% Roussanne

134
Q

In addition to drying the grapes, what benefit does the Mistral provide?

A

substantial evaporation in the vineyards which helps to concentrate the sugar and acid inside the grapes

135
Q

Why is blending in the Southern Rhône so common?

A

Classic grapes like Syrah can lose their focus and intensity. Less noble grapes may adapt well to the heat, but rarely possess enough character on their own to make a satisfactory wine. Thus blending is a way of creating a whole wine that is more than the sum of its parts.

136
Q

How much wine is made in CDP in comparison to the Northern Rhône? How much larger is Napa and Bordeaux though?

A

More than all of the appellations in the Northern Rhône combined.

Napa is 4 times larger and Bordeaux is 34 times larger

137
Q

Prior to WWI wines from CDP were added to the wines from what major wine growing region to give them alcoholic strength?

A

Burgundy

138
Q

Châteauneuf-du-Pape is made in what colors? What is the most common and how much of the total output does it constitute?

A

Red, white, and rosé

Red is the most common and constitutes 95% of the total output.

139
Q

What are 8 red grapes permitted for Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A 
Grenache
Syrah
Mourvèdre
Cinsault
Counoise
Terret Noir
Muscardin
Vaccarèse
140
Q

What are the 6 white grapes permitted for Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A 
Grenache Blanc
Roussanne
Clairette
Bouboulent
Picpoul
Picardin
141
Q

What are 10 top producers of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A 
Vieux Télégraphe
Château Rayas
Clos des Papes
Château La Nerthe
Château de Beaucastel
Domaine du Pégau
Le Vieux Donjon
Le Bosquet des Papes
Domaine de la Janasse
Les Cailloux
142
Q

Which AOP in France has the lowest permitted yields in the entire country? What is it? Why is this?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape (35hl/ha)

because high-yielding vines produce terrible wines

143
Q

What is the traditional fermentation vessel for Grenache in Châteauneuf-du-Pape? Why?

A

large cement tanks

because the grape is super prone to oxidation barrels are seldom use to ferment this grape

144
Q

What vessel is commonly use to ferment Syrah and Mourvèdre in the Southern Rhône?

A

Old large foudres

145
Q

Below what mountains are the vineyards of Gigondas?

A

Dentelles de Montmirail

146
Q

What is the max % of Grenache allowed in Gigondas?

A

max 80% (min 50%)

147
Q

What is the min % of Syrah and/or Mourvèdre that must be present in Gigondas?

A

min 15%

148
Q

What are 6 top producers of Gigondas?

A 
Domaine du Cayron
Domaine la Garrigue
Les Hauts de Montmirail
Raspail-Ay
St. Cosme
Domaine Santa Duc
149
Q

What are the four main grapes of Vacqueyras?

A

Grenache
Syrah
Mourvèdre
Cinsault

150
Q

Which wines tend to have more Syrah, Gigondas or Vacqueyras? More Grenache?

A

Vacqueyras tends to have a higher proportion of Syrah

Gigondas a higher proportion of Grenache

151
Q

What are 3 top producers of Vacqueyras?

A

Domaine de la Charbonnière
Domaine le Sang des Cailloux
Domaine des Amouriers

152
Q

How many grapes are permitted to be used for the production of Tavel? How are they fermented?

A 
9 grapes (red and white together)
Cofermented
153
Q

What are 2 producers of Tavel?

A

L’Anglet

Prieuré de Montézargues

154
Q

Who makes Château de Fonsalette? What is the grape of their single varietal bottling? AOP? What other wines do they produce?

A

Château Rayas
Côtes-Du-Rhône
Syrah
Also produce a rouge blend and blanc blend

155
Q

Who makes Cuvée de Laurentides?

A

Gramenon

156
Q

What are 5 producers of quality Côtes-du-Rhône?

A 
Château de Fonsalette
Gramenon
Jean-Luc Colombo
Domaine du Trignon
Domaine de la Renjarde
157
Q

Around what two communes are the best St.-Joseph produced?

A

Mauves and Tournon

158
Q

What are the six original communes of production in St.-Jospeh?

A 
Mauves
Tournon
Glen
St-Jean-de-Muzols
Lemps
Vion
159
Q

What river is the southern boundary of Crozes-Hermitage?

A

Isère River

160
Q

What commune between Lyon and Valence is known for producing quality wine but because it’s outside of AOP boundaries must be labeled IGP? What is the IGP?

A

Seyssuel

IGP Collines Rhodaniennes

161
Q

Why is Côte-Rôtie often compared to red burgundy?

A

The wines have firm tannins that support delicate flavors

162
Q

What direction do the vines of Côte-Rôtie face?

A

south-southeast

163
Q

What mountain do the soils on the Côte Blonde originate from? What is the composition?

A

Massif Central

more granite than Brune with soft topsoils of sandy/slate soil with a pale limestone

164
Q

What are the soils of the Côte Brune composed of?

A

More schist and heavier clay thus more iron in the soil compared to Blonde.

165
Q

Of Guigal’s La La’s, which are on the Côte Brune and which is on the Côte Blonde?

A 
La Mouline (Blonde)
La Landonne and La Turque (Brune)
166
Q

For how long are Guigal’s La La’s typically aged in new oak?

A

42 months

167
Q

Of Guigal’s LaLa’s, which is the only official and legally recognized vineyard plot?

A

La Landonne

168
Q

Who owns Vidal-Fleury?

A

Guigal

169
Q

Why did Viognier almost become extinct in the Rhône Valley?

A

Lack of demand coupled with the fact that it is low-yielding and disease prone

170
Q

What are 7 top vineyards of Condrieu? 4 in Condrieu and 3 in Chavanay

A

Côte Châtillon, Chéry, Vernon, and Côte Bonnette (Condrieu)

Chanson, La Côte, Les Eyguets (Chavanay)

171
Q

What commune may produce both Condrieu and St.-Jospeh?

A

Chavanay

172
Q

How do wines produced in Chavanay differ from those produced in Condrieu?

A

Chavanay produces wines that are lighter and more mineral due to the higher presence of granite content in the soil.

Condrieu is known for producing fuller and richer styles

173
Q

Who owns Château Grillet?

A

François Pinault (Artemis) Also owns Château Latour

174
Q

On which side and bank is the hill of Hermitage? Côte Rôtie?

A

East side/left bank (Hermitage)

West side/right bank (Côte-Rotie)

175
Q

Does Hermitage receive a lot of influence from Le Mistral?

A

No, because of its orientation it is sheltered from the northern winds making the mesoclimate warm.

176
Q

What are two climats of Hermitage known for the production of the lightest and most aromatic Hermitage?

A

Beaume and L’Hermite

177
Q

What climat of Hermitage is known for making among the most dense and powerful wines?

A

Le Méal

178
Q

The climat Péléat is known for producing what style of wines in Hermitage?

A

fleshy

179
Q

Les Greffieux in Hermitage makes wines that are described how?

A

Elegant and aromatic

180
Q

Which climat in Hermitage is said to produce the most tannic and long-lived wines? What direction do the vineyards here face?

A

Les Bessards

South-southwest

181
Q

Vintage port and Hermitage share what characteristic?

A

Both throw heavy sediment and need decanting

182
Q

What is the major cooperative located in Crozes-Hermitage?

A

Cave de Tain

183
Q

Who makes the wine Domaine de Thalabert? What is its appellation and what is its distinction?

A

Jaboulet
Crozes-Hermitage
Closest thing to Hermitage in the 1990s

184
Q

What are two top climats in Hermitage for white wine?

A

Maison Blanche

Rocoule

185
Q

What are the microcuvee bottligns for the following producers? Guigal, Chapoutier, Ferraton, and Jaboulet (white)

A

Ex-Voto (Guigal)
L’Ermite and Le Méal (Chapoutier)
Le Reverdy (Ferraton)
La Chapelle (Jaboulet)

186
Q

What are two producers of vin de paille in Hermitage?

A

Chave and Cave de Tain

187
Q

What is the minimum % of Grenache that must be present in Côtes du Rhone from the Southern Rhône?

A

min 40%

188
Q

Grignan-les-Adhémar is too far north for Mourvèdre to ripen properly. What grape is used instead to bolster the fruity Grenache along with the stifling Syrah?

A

Cinsault

189
Q

What producer in Ventoux is owned by the Perrins of Château de Beaucastel?

A

La Vieille Ferme

190
Q

What are the wines of Ventoux described as being? What is this a result of?

A

Lighter and lively due to the higher elevation vineyards

191
Q

What are 3 quality producers of Ventoux?

A

La Vieille Ferme
Fondrèche
Pesquié

192
Q

What river forms Gigondas’s western boundary?

A

Ouvèze

193
Q

What is the main white grape of Gigondas?

A

Clairette

194
Q

What is the major white grape of Vacqueyras?

A

Grenache Blanc

195
Q

What is the dominant soil type of Beaumes-de-Venis?

A

Jurassic clay

196
Q

When did Rasteau gain the ability to produce dry unfortified red wines?

A

2009

197
Q

What are two top appellations for rosé in the Southern Rhône?

A

Lirac and Tavel

198
Q

Who first delimited to the boundaries of Châteauneuf-du-Pape in 1923 and layed the foundation for the French AOC system?

A

Baron le Roy of Château Fortia

199
Q

What two producers of Châteauneuf-du-Pape are known for growing all 13 permitted varieties?

A

Château de Beaucastel

Clos des Papes

200
Q

Château Rayas is located in what commune?

A

Courthezon

201
Q

What is the minimum RS in g/L for Rasteau VDN wines?

A

min 45%

202
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol % for Hermitage blanc and rouge respectively?

A

11% for white

10.5% for red

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