Ridiculously Simple

Question 1

Brain and spinal cord

Answer 1

Central nervous system

Question 2

Peripheral nerves

Answer 2

Peripheral nervous system

Question 3

frontal lobes, temporal lobes, parietal lobes, and occipital lobes

Answer 3

Cerebral hemisphere

Question 4

thalamus and basal ganglia

Answer 4

cortical structures

Question 5

midbrain, pons, medulla

Answer 5

brain stem

Question 6

cluster of neuron cell bodies

Answer 6

gray matter

Question 7

myelinated axon pathways

Answer 7

white matter

Question 8

Makes myelin in the periphery

Answer 8

schwann cells

Question 9

Makes myelin in the central nervous system

Answer 9

oligodendrocytes

Question 10

Transmit sensory information from the head to the brain

Answer 10

cranial nerves

Question 11

Transmit sensory information from the rest of the body to the brain

Answer 11

peripheral nerves

Question 12

Pathway that projects from cortex to spinal cord

Answer 12

upper motor neurons

Question 13

Pathway that projects from spinal cord to muscle

Answer 13

lower motor neurons

Question 14

main motor pathway

Answer 14

corticospinal tract

Question 15

Synapse on the anterior horn cells in the anterior spinal cord

Answer 15

upper motor neurons

Question 16

Synapse on the muscle

Answer 16

lower motor neurons

Question 17

What side of the body does the right motor cortex control?

Answer 17

Left side of body

Question 18

What side of the body does the left motor cortex control?

Answer 18

Right side of body

Question 19

Flaccid paralysis, diminished/absent reflexes, fasciculations, and muscle atrophy over time

Answer 19

Sx of lower motor neuron lesion

Question 20

Spastic paralysis, increased reflexes, clonus (esp. unilateral) and disinhibition of primitive reflexes (e.g. Babinskis)

Answer 20

Sx of upper motor neuron lesion

Question 21

If you stroke the bottom of the foot and the big toes curls up instead of down

Answer 21

Positive Babinkski’s sign in adults

Question 22

repetitive, rhythmic contraction of a muscle when it is stretched, commonly seen in the ankle

Answer 22

Clonus

Question 23

Where will the motor deficit be if the lesion is above the decussation of the corticospinal tract?

Answer 23

Contralateral (opposite) side

Question 24

Where will the motor deficit be if the lesion is below the decussation of the corticospinal tract?

Answer 24

Ipsilateral (same) side

Question 25

Two main sensory pathways

Answer 25

posterior columns (or dorsal columns) and spinothalmic tracts (or anterolateral tracts)

Question 26

Transmits discrimination touch, vibration, and proprioception

Answer 26

Posterior column

Question 27

Pain and temperature sensation

Answer 27

spinothalmic tract

Question 28

When so the spinothalmic tracts cross in the spinal cord?

Answer 28

Immediately

Question 29

When do the posterior columns cross?

Answer 29

At the medulla and continue as medial lemnisci

Question 30

isolated motor or sensory deficits typically occur with small, isolated lesions in very specific places

Answer 30

CNS

Question 31

isolated motor or sensory deficits include root lesions or disease affecting the motor or sensory systems specifically

Answer 31

PNS

Question 32

Doesn't project into the brainstem but into olfactory cortex

Answer 32

Olfactory nerve- CN I

Question 33

Projects to the midbrain for afferent limb for pupillary light reflex and visual pathway projects to lateral genuculate nucleus of the thalamus

Answer 33

Optic nerve- CN II

Question 34

Will impair motor and sensory function on the opposite side of the body and cranial nerve function on the same same of the body

Answer 34

brainstem lesion ABOVE the decussation in the medulla

Question 35

Lesion of CN I (olfactory nerve) will lead to...

Answer 35

anosmia-loss of smell