Right Order Not For Lab Rat Flashcards by Joseph Rivera

Which of the following may cause primary respiratory alkalosis?

Fever
Renal failure
Vomiting
Chest wall pain

Fever

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A quadriplegic male is experiencing difficulty breathing and restlessness. His skin is warm and
his urine is dark yellow and cloudy. Vital signs are BP 86/68, P 128, R 24, temperature 101.2 °F
(38°C). Which type of shock should you suspect?

Septic
Cardiogenic
Obstructive
Hypovolemic

Septic

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20-year-old male coliege student complains of acute onset of fever, headache, vomiting, and
malaise. He appears ill and has a petechial rash on his extremities. What should you suspect?

Acute gastroenteritis
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Influenza

Meningitis

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20-year-old male compiains of severe pain after a jellyfish sting. He has a red, swollen ankle
and foot. What should you do?

Apply a hot pack to the area and mark the affected area

Splint the limb and administer an antipyretic

Apply an ice pack and administer an opioid

Wash the area and administer an analgesic

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The renin-angiotensin-aidosterone system is activated during shock in order to cause which of
the following?

Vasodilation and sodium retention

Decrease in preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium

Increase in preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium

Hypotension and bradycardia

Increase in preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium

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An elderly COPD patient complains of difficulty in breathing upon exertion. She has a 1-week
history of productive cough. She has pursed lip breathing. She is prescribed a bronchodilator as
needed. Vital signs are BP 132/70, P 88, R 20 with rhonchi. What should you suspect?

Epigiottitis
Congestive heart failure
Chronic bronchitis
Pulmonary embolism

Chronic bronchitis

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An anxious 32-year-old female compiains of chest pain with palpitations. She has a history of
Graves’ disease. She reports she was seen in the ED earlier that day and had a CT scan of her
abdomen with IV contrast. She is diaphoretic and has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). Vital
signs are BP 100/62, P 156, R 30, BLG 133 mg/dL. What should you administer?

Aspirin (ASA)
Normal saline
Calcium chloride
Amiodarone

Normal Saline

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What statement is correct regarding responding to a suspected nerve agent exposure?

Nerve agents degrade immediately when exposed to sunlight

downwind will ensure first responder safety

Patients should be treated in well-ventilated areas

Secondary contamination rarely occurs in nerve agent exposure

Patients should be treated in well-ventilated areas

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What reference is the MOST beneficial to obtain for a suspected stroke?

Past medical history
Last oral intake
Daily aspirin dose
Last known well

Last known well

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Which of the following statements is correct regarding radioactive material”

Simple clothing can stop beta particles from entering the body

Neutrons are low energy particles and do not cause bodily harm

Gamma rays are unable to penetrate bone and connective tissue

Alpha particles are harmless when ingested or inhaled

Simple clothing can stop beta particles from entering the body

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What finding is unique to pericarditis?

S3 gallop is auscultated
Pulsus alternans is present
Diffuse ST segment elevation
Pain is relieved when supine

Diffuse ST segment elevation

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A 21-year-old male complains of sharp chest pain and shortness of breath. The symptoms
started when he lifted a heavy object. Vital signs are BP 152/96, P 108, R 24 and diminished on
the left. What should you suspect?

Pectoralis muscle tear
Pulmonary embolism
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Aortic dissection

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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A 72-year-oid femaie compiains of a sudden onset of a burning sensation to the left side of her
forehead and blurred vision. She wants to follow up with her primary care physician tomorrow.
Vital signs are BP 150/70, P 80, R 16. What should you do?

Encourage her to be transported by ambulance to the hospital.

Perform a complete neurological exam and contact her physician.

Explain that she should follow up with her physician later today.

Obtain a refusal and allow her to follow up with her physician tomorrow.

Encourage her to be transported by ambulance to the hospital.

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An anxious 61-year-old male complains of severe shortness of breath and localized chest pain
with blood-tinged sputum. His dyspnea started when he stood up from watching television all
day and increased in severity as he moved around. Vital signs are BP 104/60, P 98 and
irregular, R 26 and labored. What should you suspect?

Angina pectoris
Congestive heart failure
Angioedema
Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism

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Anaphylaxis is most commonly associated with which physioiogical event?

Vasodilation
Hypertension
Hemorrhage
Bradycardia

Vasodilation

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A confused 67-year-old male has vomited multiple times prior to EMS arrival. He was involved
in a car crash 48 hour prior. Bystanders state he became increasingly confused and lost
coordination since the crash. Vitals signs are BP 150/88, P 72, R 18, BGL 92 mg/dL. What
should you suspect?

Carotid dissection
Absence seizure
Epidural hematoma
Subdural hematoma

Subdural hematoma

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What condition causes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?

Asthma
Multiple sclerosis
Pneumonia
Left-sided heart failure

Left-sided heart failure

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What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
(HHS)?

Dextrose
Insulin
Normal saline
Thiamine

Normal saline

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An 18-year-old male nearly drowned at a local lake after treading water for 25 minutes. He is
shivering uncontrollably and complains of nausea and weakness. Vital signs are BP 122/62, R
28, P 136, and his temperature is 93.2°F (34°C). What should
you suspect?

Severe hypothermia
Mild hypothermia
Acute pulmonary edema
Water intoxication

Mild hypothermia

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A 45-year-oid male complains of shortness of breath. He has a history of alcohol abuse and
presents with severe ascites. Vital signs are BP 142/78, P 104, R 24 with crackles. What should
you suspect?

Congestive heart failure
Cholecystitis
Gastroenteritis
Liver failure

Liver Failure

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A 22-year-old male has recently undergone a surgical procedure to repair an injury to thoracic
vertebrae T1-T2. Assessment indicates the patient is alert and oriented, bradycardic,
hypotensive, and has warm, dry skin. Which type of shock is most
likely occurring?

Cardiogenic
Hypovolemic
Obstructive
Neurogenic

Neurogenic

It is 0600 hours and you are treating a 63-year-old female with slurred speech, facial droop, and
altered mental status. At 0400 hours, her husband heard her go to the bathroom. At 2300 hours
they went to bed and everything was “fine.” How should you report the last time she was known
normal?

Unknown
2300 hrs
0400 hrs
0600 hrs

2300 hrs

Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which of the following
patients?

38-year-old with carpopedal spasms with a respiratory rate of 40

A 22-year-old with severe asthma that is unresponsive to albuterol treatments

A 43-year-old with a decreased level of consciousness with respiratory difficulty

A 55-year-old with jugular vein distention and BP 90/60

A 22-year-old with severe asthma that is unresponsive to albuterol treatments

A 27-year-old male is breathing fast and deep. He works at a preschool and believes that the
children plan to harm him. Which of the following statements is most helpful when treating this
patient?

“I understand that you are concerned. Please tell me more about why you feel this way.”

“Concentrate on staying calm. This is all in your imagination. Children can’t hurt adults.”

“Your difficulty breathing is most important. What medications do you take?”

“Please calm yourself. Have you talked to your supervisor?”

“I understand that you are concerned. Please tell me more about why you feel this way.”

A 15-year-old male complains of lower abdominal pain with nausea. He is in the fetal position and states, “It hurts to walk.” What should you suspect? Pleural effusion Gi Bieed Acute pancreatitis Appendicitis

Appendicitis

A 26-year-old male has abdominal pain. He is able to pinpoint exactly where it hurts, experiences rebound tenderness on physical exam, and guards the affected area. Which type of pain should you suspect? Referred Somatic Visceral Radiating

Somatic

A 52-year-old male is suffering from acute chest pain after physical exercises. He is pale, cool, and clammy. Vital signs are BP 88/40, P 110, R 22, SpO2 96%. What should you do? Apply high-flow oxygen Acquire a 12-lead ECG Request a cardiac stress test Administer nitroglycerin

Acquire a 12-lead ECG

An elderly patient has COPD. What clinical finding should concern you the most? ETCO2 of 50 mm Hg SpO2 of 92% Respiratory rate of 36/min Coarse, scattered rhonchi

Respiratory rate of 36/min

Metabolic acidosis is best described by which arterial blood gas results? pH decreased, Pco2 elevated, H2CO3 normal range pH elevated, Pco2 elevated, H2CO3 normal range pH decreased, Pco2 decreased, H2CO3 low pH elevated, Pco2 elevated, H2CO3 low

pH decreased, Pco2 decreased, H2CO3 low

What type of shock is caused by a cardiac tamponade? Obstructive Neurogenic Cardiogenic Hypovolemic

Obstructive

A 41-year-old female has returned from missionary work in South Africa. She reports night sweats, chest discomfort, and a persistent cough for the past several weeks. What should you suspect? Respiratory Syncytial Virus Cytomegalovirus Mononucleosis Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

What respiratory changes are common in obese patients? Increased tidal volume Decreased tidal volume Increased minute ventilation Chronic tachypnea

Decreased tidal volume

A 30-year-old female complains of acute chest tightness, shortness of breath, and a nonproductive cough. She states that this happens frequently and usually resolves after using her “inhaler.” What should you suspect? Asthma Pulmonary embolism Pneumonia Simple pneumothorax

Asthma

A 44-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of sharp pain in her right flank that radiates to her groin area. Intermittently the pain becomes very severe. She also reports nausea. Vital signs are BP 152/94, P 104, R 16, SpO2 98%. What is the most likely cause? Diverticulitis Acute Hepatitis Crohn’s disease Kidney stones

Kidney stones

A 13-year-old male has been skateboarding in temperatures of 100 °F (37.7°C) and has been drinking caffeinated soft drinks. He complains of palpitations. The cardiac monitor displays a narrow-QRS tachycardia at a rate of 150 beats/minute. Vital signs are BP 108/62, R 24. What should you do? Transport the patient by ambulance, monitor closely, and administer fluids en route. Perform vaga! maneuvers and, if unsuccessful, administer adenosine. Suggest that the father drive his son to the clinic because vital signs are within normal limits. Obtain a 12-lead ECG and, if rhythm unchanged, perform vagal maneuvers.

Transport the patient by ambulance, monitor closely, and administer fluids en route.

An 82-year-old female complains of foul-smelling diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and loss of appetite. She developed an infection following knee surgery 2 weeks ago. She is prescribed antibiotics. What should you suspect? Escherichia coli Clostridium difficile Streptococcus pyogenes Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Clostridium difficile

A 62-year-old female presents with severe nausea and blurred vision that began while watching TV. She describes the headache as the worst headache she has ever had in her life. Vital signs are BP 194/110, P 98, R 20. What should you suspect? Cluster headache Subarachnoid hemorrhage ischemic stroke Brain abscess

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A 33-year-old female is threatening suicide because her partner left her. Which of the following would be an appropriate response? “I’m sure that there are many people in your life who want you to live.“ “Talking with me will be helpful. How long have you been having problems?“ “I understand your feelings. | would be suicidal too.“ “What was your plan to kill yourself ?*

“What was your plan to kill yourself ?”

A 71-year-old female complains of shortness of breath. She has a productive cough that has increased in severity over the last week. She speaks in 1- to 2-word broken sentences with pursed lips. What should you suspect? Costochondritis Pleurisy COPD Pulmonary embolism

COPD

What is an age-reiated change that increases the risk of respiratory compromise? Increase of mucus production Increase in intrathoracic volume Decrease in lung compliance Decrease in dead space ventilation

Decrease in lung compliance

A 45-year-old female is supine on the floor. Her pupils are pinpoint, and she has vomitus in and around her mouth. Vital signs are P 48, R 8 with gurgling. What should you do? Administer naloxone Suction the airway Obtain a blood glucose level Assist ventilations with a bag-mask device

Suction the airway

A 68-year-old femaie who has a history of COPD may rely on which of the following breathing mechanics? An increase in the oxygen level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe A decrease in lactic acid produced from aerobic metabolism An increase in the carbon dioxide level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe A decrease in the oxygen level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe

A decrease in the oxygen level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe

Which of the following is a hailmark sign of tricyclic antidepressant toxicity? Rash Hyperventilation Dysrhythmias Drooling

Dysrhythmias

An alert 22-year-old male complains of a “lump in his throat” and a hoarse voice after a failed suicide attempt. He unsuccessfully attempted to hang himself with a bed sheet. Vital signs are BP 150/80, P 120, R 16, SpO2 88%, ETCO2 40 mmHg. What should you do? Administer midazolam and transport him to a psychiatric facility Assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device and immobilize him to a long backboard Administer oxygen and transport to a trauma center Administer a sedative and intubate, apply a cervical collar, and transport

Administer oxygen and transport to a trauma center

A 45-year-oid female reports a headache, vertigo, and leg cramps after exercising. Vital signs are BP 108/62, P 124, R 18, Temp 100.6°F (38.1°C), and SpO2 98%. What should you do? Administer 25 g of D50 Provide oral fluid replacement Place ice packs in the axilla Remove the patient's clothes

Provide oral fluid replacement

60-year-old female complains of indigestion and mild upper abdominal discomfort. What should you do? Place a gastric tube and assess for Gl bleeding Don a mask, gown, and observe standard precautions in case of influenza Acquire a 12-lead ECG and transport to a cardiac center Listen for heart sounds and determine whether pericardial fluid is present

Acquire a 12-lead ECG and transport to a cardiac center

A 49-year-oid male presents in a tripod position with audible stridor and marked respiratory distress. His skin is flushed, and he complains of dysphagia. What should you suspect? Pneumonia Epiglottitis Bronchitis Acute asthma

Epiglottitis

A patient complains of nausea and is passing black, tarry stools. What should you suspect? Upper GI bleeding Lower Gl bleeding Cholecystitis Bowel obstruction

Upper GI bleeding

An alert 49-year-old male complains of a headache. He has tremors in his hands and has been in the detoxification unit for 38 hours. He has a history of alcoholism. Vital signs are BP 168/96, P 104, R 22. What is he most at risk for? Stroke Hypoglycemia Myocardial infarction Seizure

Seizure

A 27-year-old male is agitated and talks continuously. His pupils are dilated. He admits to being awake for 36 hours straight. Vital signs are BP 188/98, P 140, R 30. What type of overdose should you suspect? Bath salts Pesticide Anticholinergic Heroin

Bath salts