Rio case study - urban change in major NEE city

Question 1

rio location and background

Answer 1

-coastal city in the south east region of Brazil within the continent of South America
-second most populated city in the country 6.5 million

Question 2

citys importance

Answer 2

-second largest GDP in Brazil
-headquarters to many of brazils main companies
-hosted 2014 World Cup
-hosted 2016 olympics
-christ the redeemer statue is one of the 7 wonders of the world

Question 3

migration to rio

Answer 3

-portugese settlers arrived with slaves in 1502
-millions of people have migrated from rural areas (amazon basin) that have suffered from lack of employment

Question 4

self-help schemes - rochina, bairro project

Answer 4

-authorities provided basic materials to improve peoples homes with safe electricity and sewage pipes
-government has demolished houses and created new estates
-community policing has been established along with tougher stance on gangs with military backed police
-greater investment in new road and rail network to reduce pollution and increase connections between rich and poor areas

Question 5

social challenges and solutions

Answer 5

-health care - only 55% of city had access to doctor - medical staff bring supplies into favelas
-education - only 50% of children continue education after age of 14 - encourage people to volunteer in schools and give grants to poor families
-water supply - 12% of people don’t have access to water - 7 new water treatment plants so now 95% have water
-energy - people tap in to mains electricity - install 60km of power lines and nuclear generator

Question 6

economic challenges

Answer 6

-high levels of unemployment, 20% don’t have formal employment
-high crime rate, sent police pacifying units into favelas

Question 7

environmental challenges and solutions

Answer 7

-air pollution - causes 5000 deaths a year - made new roads to reduce congestion
-traffic congestion - steep hills cause traffic - expansion of metro system and new toll roads
-water pollution - water contaminated from lack of waste collection - power plant set up that consumes 30 tonnes of rubbish a day
-waste pollution - threat to wildlife - overseas aid used to reduce amount of sewage in bay

Question 8

social opportunities of living in rio

Answer 8

-more hospitals
-more and better schools
-running water
-electricity
-public transport

Question 9

economic opportunities of living in the city

Answer 9

-formal work with regular payment and tax
-informal work
-more employment

Question 10

environmental opportunities

Answer 10

-hosting of major sporting events encourages more investment in sewage works and public transport systems