Risk of Factors

Question 1

Name 3 risk factors for periodontitis:

Answer 1

1-Tobacco smoking
2-Diabetes
3-Pathogenic bacteria

Question 2

True or False: Negative effects of smoking on the host are reversible.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What to do to decrease the risk for periodontitis after smoking?

Answer 3

increase the number of years since quitting smoking

Question 4

True or False: Former smokers respond to periodontal therapy similarly to nonsmokers

Answer 4

True

Question 5

5As of Treating Tobacco Dependency:

Answer 5

• Ask the patient about smoking status
• Advise smokers of the associations between oral disease and smoking
• Assess the patient’s interest to attempt to quit
• Assist the patient in the attempt
• Arrange for referral or follow- up visit

Question 6

True or False: Direct relationship between diabetes and periodontitis.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are the complications of diabetes that affect periodontitis as well:

Answer 7

microvascular and macrovascular diseases

Question 8

Side effects of Poorly controlled diabetics:

Answer 8

• Altered immune function
(PMNs)
• Qualitative changes in bacteria
• Altered collagen structure and function
• Severe gingival inflammation, deep pockets, rapid bone loss, and periodontal abscesses

Question 9

Name anatomic factors that harbor bacterial plaque:

Answer 9

• Furcations
• Root concavities
• Grooves
• Cervical enamel projections
• Enamel pearls
• Overhanging margins
• Calculus

Question 10

Risk Factor that is non-modifiable in periodontitists:

Answer 10

• Age
• Gender
• Genetic Factors
• Socioeconomic status
• Stress

Question 11

Genetic factors influence which disease:

Answer 11

gingivitis,
attachment loss,
bone height,

Question 12

How genetic factors influence periodontitis:

Answer 12

• Alterations in neutrophils, monocytic hyperresponsiveness associated with severe periodontitis
• Alterations in IL-1 genes are one of several involved in periodontitis

Question 13

True or False: Periodontitis Prevalence and severity increase with age:

Answer 13

True

Question 14

How stress becomes the risk factor for periodontitis:

Answer 14

• Emotional stress may interfere with normal immune function
• Stressful events lead to greater prevalence of periodontal disease
• Increased incidence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis during periods of high stress

Question 15

What are risk indicators of Periodontitis?

Answer 15

• Infrequent dental visits
• HIV/AIDS
• Osteoporosis

Question 16

True or False: In healthy subjects, % BOP sites has a linear relationship with probing force.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False: Maybe environmental, behavioral, or biological.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False: Risk factors are identified by longitudinal studies of patients with the disease of interest.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False: To be considered a risk factor, the exposure must occur before disease onset.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

How many carcinogens have been known for smoking tobacco?

Answer 20

60

Question 21

What is the major risk factor for periodontitis and affects the prevalence, extent, and severity of the disease?

Answer 21

Smoking

Question 22

True or False: There is a dose-response relationship between smoking and the prevalence and severity of periodontitis.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

Effect of smoking on gingivitis.

Answer 23

Decreasing gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing.

Question 24

Effect of smoking on periodontitis.

Answer 24

• Increasing the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction.
• Increase of pocket depth, attachment loss, and bone loss.
• Increase of the rate of periodontal destruction
• Increase in prevalence of severe periodontitis
• Increase in tooth loss
• Increase in prevalence with an increased number of cigarettes smoked per day.
• Decrease of prevalence and severity with smoking cessation.

Question 25

5As for treating tobacco dependency.

Answer 25

- Ask the patient about smoking status - Advise smokers of the associations between oral disease and smoking. - Assess the patient's interest in attempting to quit - Assist the patient in the attempt. - Arrange for a referral or follow up visit

Question 26

True or False: There is a direct relationship between diabetes and periodontitis.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False: No difference between type 1 and 2.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Which disease causes the 6th complication of diabetes:

Answer 28

Periodontal disease.

Question 29

Which complications are after periodontitis and diabetes?

Answer 29

- Microvascular | - Macrovascular

Question 30

The consequences of poorly controlled diabetics.

Answer 30

- Altered immune function (PMNs) - Qualitative changes in bacteria - Altered collagen structure and function - Severe gingival inflammation, deep pockets, rapid bone loss, and periodontal abscesses

Question 31

Name the anatomic factors that harbor bacterial plaque.

Answer 31

- Furcations - Root concavities - Grooves - Cervical enamel projections - Enamel pearls - Overhanging margins - Calculus

Question 32

Name risk factors that are non-modifiable.

Answer 32

- Gender - Age - Socioeconomic status - Genetic factors - Stress

Question 33

Which gum conditions are affected by genetic factors based on the twin studies?

Answer 33

- Gingivitis - Attachment loss - Bone height

Question 34

Which blood conditions were associated with severe periodontitis in twin studies?

Answer 34

Alteration in neutrophils, monocytic hyperresponsiveness.

Question 35

Does the prevalence and severity of non-modifiable risk factors increase with age?

Answer 35

Yes.

Question 36

Which gender has more attachment loss and higher levels of plaque and calculus?

Answer 36

Men due to preventive practice of oral hygiene

Question 37

True or False: Increased incidence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis during periods of high stress.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Name 3 risk indicators of periodontitis.

Answer 38

- OSTEOPOROSIS - HIV/AIDS - INFREQUENT DENTAL VISITS

Question 39

Which risk indicator causes the increased periodontal pocket formation and loss of attachment, and oral lesions prominent?

Answer 39

HIV/AIDS

Question 40

Name oral and periodontal manifestations of HIV infection.

Answer 40

- Oral candidiasis - Linear gingival erythema - Oral hairy leukoplakia - Kaposi Sarcoma and other malignancies - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) - Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and periodontitis. - Chronic periodontitis

Question 41

Name the risk indicator that doesn't initiate periodontitis.

Answer 41

Osteoporosis

Question 42

Which risk indicator causes the periodontal disease progression by reducing bone mass?

Answer 42

Osteoporosis

Question 43

Name risk markers/predictors:

Answer 43

- Previous history of periodontal disease | - Bleeding on probing

Question 44

True or False: Severe existing loss of attachment is a predictor of future loss of attachment.

Answer 44

True.