River Landforms

Question 1

Hydraulic action

Answer 1

the sheer force of moving water eroding the river bed and banks

Question 2

Abrasion

Answer 2

Rocks and stones carried by the river hits its banks and bed making it deeper, this causes lateral and vertical erosion

Question 3

Attrition

Answer 3

The load carried by the river collide with each other and makes them smaller and rounder

Question 4

Solution

Answer 4

Acids in the water dissolving some rocks such as Limestone.

Question 5

What does the “S” in SPEED Up stand for in waterfall formation?

Answer 5

A waterfall is formed where a river flows over hard rock above soft rock. The soft rock erodes faster as it less resistant

Question 6

What happens in the P – Plunge Pool stage?

Answer 6

Hydraulic action (water crashing into the riverbed) and abrasion (stones grinding the riverbed) help the waterfall to erode a deep hole called a plunge pool

Question 7

What does the first E stand for?

Answer 7

The soft rock is eroded under the hard rock, leaving an overhang

Question 8

What happens during the second E – Edge Collapses?

Answer 8

The overhang becomes unsupported and collapses into the plunge pool.

Question 9

What does D – Drop moves upstream mean?

Answer 9

The process repeats as the waterfall moves upstream, leaving behind a gorge

Question 10

Step 1 of V-shaped valley

Answer 10

The river carries stones and rocks in its water

Question 11

Step 2 of V-shaped valley

Answer 11

The force of water (hydraulic action) and the grinding of rocks and stones cuts down the river bed and deepens it by vertical erosion

Question 12

Step 3 V-Shaped valley

Answer 12

Weathering like freeze-thaw action breaks off the soil and rock from the valley sides which eventually collapses and the material slides into the river.

Question 13

Step 4-V-shaped valley

Answer 13

The material from the collapsed banks is worn down and carried away by the river.

Question 14

Step 1- Meander

Answer 14

As the river flows it starts to erode the landscapes.

Question 15

Step 2-Meander

Answer 15

The river at the outer banks flows more quickly and has more power to erode the bank (hydraulic action). Abrasion also occurs when rocks in water wear away the bank

Question 16

Step 3-Meander

Answer 16

At the inner bank, the water flows more slowly and is shallower. As a result sediment is deposited there.

Question 17

Step 4-Meander

Answer 17

The meander grows wider and deeper as the river continues to erode and deposit material.