RLG

Question 1

The most widely employed
technique for the detection of
parasites in the gastrointestinal
tract.

Answer 1

fecalysis

Question 2

fecal score: majority is formed but has poor consistency and viscous

Answer 2

G4

Question 3

fecal score: moist, leaves definite mark

Answer 3

G3

Question 4

fecal score: bullet like, crumbly

Answer 4

G1

Question 5

fecal score: does not hold form, and spreads lightly

Answer 5

1/3 -soft

Question 6

Factors that may affect fecal examination

Answer 6

1. Amount of feces examined
2. Age of the sample
3. Sample handling (including
   collection, storage, and transport)
4. Examination method
5. Skill of the diagnostician

Question 7

If the fecal material cannot be
examined immediately, preserve it in:

Answer 7

5-10% formalin
refrigerate 3-5C

Question 8

qualitative fecal exa methods

Answer 8

• Direct/ simple smear
• Flotation
• Sedimentation
• Larval recovery

Question 9

quantitative fecal exam methods

Answer 9

• Stoll-ova counting technique
• McMaster egg-counting
  technique
• Beaver’s direct egg-counting
  technique

Question 10

Useful also for pseudotapeworms,
acanthocephalan eggs, lungworm
and Strongyloides larva, amoeba,
and ciliates.

Answer 10

sedimentation

Question 11

Useful for isolation and
identification of ovoviviparus
nematodes and strongyles.

Answer 11

larval recovery

Question 12

types of fecal flotation

Answer 12

passive and centrifugation
flotation

Question 13

quantitative methods can reflect parasite burden and degree of infection

Answer 13

F

Question 14

used for dx of abomasal or stomach damage due to trichostrongyles

Answer 14

plasma pepsinogen test

Question 15

vector borne pathogens of cattle

Answer 15

babesia
theileria
elaeophora
setaria
trypanosoma
anaplasma

Question 16

Techniques for the detection of vector-borne
pathogens

Answer 16

• Blood smear examination
• Serological assays
• Molecular assays

Question 17

thin smears are more
concentrated and offer higher
sensitivity than thick smear,

Answer 17

false

Question 18

is more useful when looking
for Babesia.

Answer 18

capillary blood sample

Question 19

where to get capillary blood sample

Answer 19

ear tip

Question 20

more preferred staining for examination of
protozoan parasites and rickettsiae.

Answer 20

Romanowsky stains, such as
Wright stain and Giemsa stain,

Question 21

stain used in knott’s conc method

Answer 21

methylene blue

Question 22

Highly motile, swimming
through the blood, No sheath; Body curved
with hooked posterior end

Answer 22

Acanthocheilonema spp.

Question 23

Motile but stays in place, no sheath, body curved along whole length

Answer 23

d. immitis

Question 24

Sheathed; Tail is tapered
and with cephalic space.

Answer 24

brugia spp.

Question 25

PCR phases

Answer 25

Denaturation annealing extension

Question 26

PCR is repeated for ___ cycles

Answer 26

30-35

Question 27

is critical for thesuccess of PCR.

Answer 27

Primer design

Question 28

Determines the specificity of PCR.

Answer 28

primer

Question 29

Normally, primers are composed of __ bp.

Answer 29

18-30

Question 30

Amplification proceeds through repetition of two types of elongation reactions that occur via the ____

Answer 30

loop regions

Question 31

LAMP utilizes ___ primers

Answer 31

4-6

Question 32

Compared to PCR, it is simpler, more rapid, and less sophisticated.

Answer 32

LAMP

Question 33

meaning of LAMP

Answer 33

loop-mediated isothermal amplification

Question 34

meaning of CFI

Answer 34

color fluorescent indicator

Question 35

combi dyes of CFI

Answer 35

hydroxynaphthol blue gel green

Question 36

LAMP Color change is visible by the naked eye.

Answer 36

true

Question 37

LAMP fluorescence is confirmed in real time by through the machine (___).

Answer 37

FAM filter

Question 38

Low sensitivity in low level of infection * Identification to species level is often challenging

Answer 38

microscopic exam

Question 39

* High sensitivity and specificity * Multiplex PCR can detect coinfection in a single run

Answer 39

molecular technique

Question 40

Readily accessible * Can identify presence of coinfection

Answer 40

microscopic exam

Question 41

* Not readily available * Expensive * PCR may take hours * False negative cases

Answer 41

molecular exam