RM1

Question 1

Petus-Davis (2011)

Answer 1

Sampling techniques
Population Vs Sample
Types of sampling
Probability: types
Non-probability:types

Question 2

Turner (2010)

Answer 2

Provides an overview of qualitative interview techniques

• Questions can be more or less structured
• More structure=more reliable
• Less structure is more flexible but more prone to bias

Question 3

Lewis (2015)

Answer 3

Introduction to Improvement Science
-PDSA Cycle
-RCT not always appropriate because they don’t consider the local context.
-Three questions: What is the improvement goal? How will we measure success? What change can help achieve the goal?
Recommendations:
1. Using RCT to Improvement Science should depend on context
2. Use local knowledge to help with implementation
3. Use rapid and practical measurements
4. Learn across boundaries

Question 4

Park et al (2013)

Answer 4

Park et al (2013) provides an overview of Improvement Science Success stories in education
-Improvement Science is focused on closing the gap between the actual and the possible.
COMMON THEMES for SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZATIONS:
1. Leadership doesn’t search for a silver bullet. It uses disciplined inquiry
2. Communication across the entire system
3. Organizational infrastructure: incorporated aspects of the improvement process into the overall system.
4. Use PDSA cycles
5. Uses regular data collection to track progress
6. Build capacity through professional development

Question 5

Smith (2008)

Answer 5

Secondary data analysis
Advantages: 
-low cost
-large scale data sets
-accessible

Disadvantages:

• can have data errors
• groups can be left out of sample
• can’t capture full complexity of human experience

Question 6

LeCompt and Goetz (1982)

Answer 6

Reliability in ethnographic research:

• clear description of context, constructs and methods so others can follow and repeat
• Need to ensure that participants are representative of their group

Validity in ethnographic research:

• Goal is to ensure that researcher depictions reflect the reality of the participants’ experiences
• Constructs meaningful to participants
• Commit to faithful and accurate rendition of participant life ways

Question 7

Chenail (2011)

Answer 7

Interviewing is the primary instrument in Qual reserch
-it is important to increase rigor and manage bias
Two methods for improving interviews:
1. pilot interviews
2. interview the interviewer (to reveal assumptions)

Question 8

Wolfinger (2002)

Answer 8

Field notes are important tool in ethnographic research

1. Researchers’ background knowledge can influence what they think is important to note
2. There are two possible approaches: just note salient events, or note comprehensive events

Question 9

Gibson & Dembo (1984)

Answer 9

This study described the process of creating and validating a self-efficacy for teaching survey

1. Construct validity: they used Bandura (1986) to define the components of self-efficacy then write items for each element of self efficacy (general and personal SE)
2. They administered the survey and analyzed the results with a factor analysis that confirmed the two sub-constructs
3. They compared the results to measurements of related constructs (verbal ability and flexibility) in order to prove convergent and divergent validity

Question 10

Cox-Davenport (2017)

Answer 10

This study involved an intervention to help nursing students cope with stress
INTERVENTION: 5 minute coaching sessions for students
DATA ANALYSIS: Used descriptive statistics to describe student attendance, grades, and course satisfaction.
FINDINGS: the treatment group had higher grades and higher attendance for coaching sessions