RNA - Paramyxoviridae

Question 1

Are paramyxo enveloped or non enveloped?

Answer 1

enveloped

Question 2

What si the shape of the nucleocapsid?

Answer 2

herring bone shaped

Question 3

What is the primary role of the spike proteins?

Answer 3

attachment to the host cell

Question 4

Which viruses of paramyxo have hemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN)?

Answer 4

Rubulavirus, Avulvavirus, Respirovirus

R.A.R!!!!

Question 5

The Morbillivirus has what type of attachment protein?

Answer 5

Hemagglutinin

NO NEUROAMINIDASE

Question 6

Which virus has the G protein?

Answer 6

Henipavirus, Pneumovirus

HP is a G (gansta)!!!

NO HEMAGGLUTINATION

NO NEURAMINIDASE

Question 7

T/F: paramyxoviridae viruses have fusion proteins

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F: Paramyxo is pH dependent?

Answer 8

False it is NOT!

Question 9

T/F: Cell to cell spread of virus plays an important role in persistent infection

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Acidophilic cytoplasmic inclusions composed of ribonucleoprotein structures are characteristic of rhabdoviridae infections.

Answer 10

False. Paramyxoviridae

Also formation of syncytia

Question 11

What do Morbilliviruses produce that is characteristic of them?

Answer 11

acidophilic intracellular inclusions

Question 12

What is the etiology of bovine parainfluenza virus 3 respiratoy disease?

Answer 12

Respirovirus

bovine parainfluenza virus 3

Question 13

Host of bovine parainfluenza?

Answer 13

cattle and sheep

Question 14

how is bovine parainfluenza transmitted?

Answer 14

aerosol

Question 15

what are the target cells for bovine parainfluenza?

Answer 15

epithelial cells of the respiratory tract?

Question 16

Disease in cattle?

Potential role in initiating so-called shipping fever of cattle, or bovine respiratory disease complex.

With other viruses, or as sole pathogen, predisposes animals to secondary bacterial infection, especially Mannheimia haemolytica infection, resulting in severe bacterial bronchopneumonia.

Answer 16

Bovine parainfluenza virus-3 Respiratory Disease

Question 17

how do you diagnoe bovine parainfluenza?

Answer 17

Virus identification in nasal discharges and respiratory tissues by FAT and ELISA.

Question 18

Newcastle disease was first observed in which country?

Answer 18

Java, Indonesia

Question 19

Is Newcastle disease reportable?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

What is the etiology of Newcastle disease?

Answer 20

avian paramyxovirus serotype 1

Question 21

What do low virulent viruses of Avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 produce?

Answer 21

produce precursor F proteins that are cleaved only by a trypsin-like protease which have a restricted tissue distribution and are usually distributed extracellularly.

Question 22

What do high virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype - 1

Answer 22

they produce precursor F proteins that are cleaved intracellularly by proteases present in cells lining mucous membranes.

 The relative ease of intracellular cleavage allows virulent viruses to replicate in more cell types.

 As a result, widespread tissue injury, viremia and systemic disease.

Question 23

What are the 5 pathotypes of newcastle disease?

Answer 23

 Asymptomatic enteric (1)

 Lentogenic strains (2): Less Virulent strains

 vND (virulent Newcastle Disease):
 Mesogenic strains (3): Moderately virulent strains

 Velogenic pathotype strains:

Highly virulent strains a) Velogenic viscerotropic (4)
b) Velogenic neurotropic (5)

Question 24

What is Exotic Newcastle Disease

Answer 24

U.S. definition for velogenic viscerotropic strains of Newcastle

Question 25

Which birds are highly susceptible to newcastle disease

Answer 25

pigeons

Question 26

Which birds are highly resistant to newcastle disease

Answer 26

canaries, finches

Question 27

what does newcastly disease cause in humans

Answer 27

conjunctivitis

Question 28

what is the major route of transmission of newcastle disease?

Answer 28

aerosols/dust particles and ingestion of conatminat feed and water

Question 29

T/F: Vertical transmission is most reported for lentogenic virus strains.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Which type of newcastle disease? ## Footnote  Respiratory signs with depression, watery greenish diarrhea, and swelling of the tissues of the head and neck.  Hemorrhages and ulcer-like lesions are seen in digestive tract.  Mortality approaches 100% in all age groups

Answer 30

Viscerotropic velogenic ND

Question 31

which type of newcastle disease? ## Footnote  Respiratory signs followed by nervous signs of tremors, paralyzed wings and legs, twisted necks, circling, clonic spasms, and complete paralysis.  CNS lesions are encephalomyelitis with neuronal necrosis.  Hemorrhages are conspicuously absent from GI tract.  Mortality approaches 100% in all age groups.

Answer 31

Neurotrophic velogenic ND

Question 32

which type of newcastle disease? ## Footnote  Acute respiratory disease, reduced egg production and, uncommonly, neurological signs.  Mortality approaches 25% in young chickens, rare in adults.

Answer 32

mesogenic ND

Question 33

which type of newcastle disease? Respiratory signs of gasping, coughing, sneezing, and rales predominate.

Answer 33

lentogenic ND

Question 34

How do you control newcastle disease?

Answer 34

quarantine and depopulation of infected farms

Question 35

how do you vaccinate newcastle disease?

Answer 35

*  Live lentogenic vaccines, chiefly B1 and LaSota strains, are widely used and typically administered to poultry by mass application in drinking water or by spray. *  Healthy chicks are vaccinated as early as day 1–4 of life. *  Oil-adjuvanted inactivated vaccines are also used after live vaccine in breeders and layers. *  Fowlpox or turkey herpesvirus–vectored NDV vaccines are commercially available for chickens.

Question 36

which pathogen can lead to the kennel cough syndrome?

Answer 36

canine parainfluenza

Question 37

etiology of CPiV?

Answer 37

CPiV virus is antigenically related to the simian virus-5. Historically was referred to as CPiV-2. Now re-classified as CPiV-5

Question 38

transmission of CPiV?

Answer 38

aerolized microdroplets

Question 39

the CPiV causes destruction of what type of cells?

Answer 39

epithelial cells of the respiratory tract

Question 40

Which diseases are caused by morbillivirus?

Answer 40

rinderpest canine distemper peste des petits ruminants

Question 41

host of rinderpest

Answer 41

cattle

Question 42

how is rinderpest characterized?

Answer 42

The disease is characterized by the “the 3 D’s”: Discharge, Diarrhea and Death.

Question 43

T/F: ## Footnote Canine Distemper is based on differences in the hemagglutinin gene, at least 10 different lineages have been identified.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T/F: ## Footnote Certain isolates, such as Snyder Hill, A75/17, and R252 strains, of canine distemper are highly virulent and neurotropic.

Answer 44

true

Question 45

Host of canine distemper

Answer 45

 Domestic and wild dogs.  Raccoon, Panda, Bears, Ferrets, Mink, etc.  CNS infections in exotic felidae (Lions, Cheetahs, Jaguars, Ocelots, etc.)

Question 46

how is canine distemper transmitted?

Answer 46

inhalation of infected droplets

Question 47

T/F:  Transplacental infection can occur from viremic dams.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Which of the following is incorrect? ## Footnote The canine distemper virus replicates:  Neutrophils  T and B lymphocytes (Immunosuppression)  Nervous tissue Epithelial cells

Answer 48

Neutrophils It is found in macrophages

Question 49

See Pathogenesis of Canine Distemper

Answer 49

know all the things

Question 50

See clinical signs for canine distemper

Answer 50

know all the things

Question 51

disease in canines? Convulsions characterized by salivation and, often, chewing movements of the jaw (**“chewing-gum fits”**) are considered classic neurologic signs.

Answer 51

canine distemper

Question 52

disease in canines? **Hyperkeratosis** of the nose and footpads is often found in dogs with neurologic manifestations.

Answer 52

canine distemper

Question 53

Remember what about MLV vaccines

Answer 53

 MLV vaccines should not be used in late-pregnant or early-lactation bitches.  MLV vaccines can produce postvaccinal illness in some immunosuppressed dogs.