Which Sketchy image represents the Arenaviridae family?
Which Sketchy image represents the Reoviridae family?
Identify as many of the marked points in this image as you can.
Note: this is the Arenaviridae family.
Identify as many of the marked points in this image as you can.
Note: this is Reoviridae family.
Arenaviridae (e.g. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Lassa fever virus) are ______ viruses.
Arenaviridae (e.g. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Lassa fever virus) are RNA viruses.
Are arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) negative-sense RNA viruses?
Sort of, they are ambi-sense.
They are classified as negative-sense, but they also harbor sections of positive-sense RNA.
True/False.
Arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) are naked.
False.
Arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) are enveloped.
True/False.
Arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) possess both positive and negative-sense RNA sections, making them ambisense.
True.
What shape is the capsid making up arenaviruses?
Helical
The arenavirus genome is __________ and contains _____ RNA segments.
The arenavirus genome is segmented and contains two RNA segments.
How do arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) appear when visualized by electron microscopy?
‘Grainy’
What is the reservoir for arenaviruses (i.e. lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus)?
Rodents
What is the most relevant virus of Arenaviridae to know?
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection may lead to aseptic _______________itis, manifesting with fever.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection may lead to aseptic meningoencephalitis, manifesting with fever.
Arenaviruses can be inactivated by ______ and ______.
Arenaviruses can be inactivated by heat and irradiation (e.g. light).
Give two examples of reoviruses.
- Rotavirus
- Colorado tick fever virus
Reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are ______ viruses.
Reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are RNA viruses.
Reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are ______ (naked/enveloped) RNA viruses.
Reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are naked RNA viruses.
The genomes of reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are comprised of an average of ____ RNA segments.
The genomes of reoviruses (e.g. Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus) are comprised of an average of 11 RNA segments (but can be anywhere between 9-12).
What makes the structure of the genome in reoviruses unique?
They are made up of double-stranded RNA
Are reoviruses positive- or negative-sense RNA viruses?
Both — they are double-stranded!
___________ is the number one cause of severe diarrhea in young children.
Rotavirus is the number one cause of severe diarrhea in young children.
How does Rotavirus infection typically present?
Watery diarrhea in children
The _______ enterotoxin of Rotavirus causes secretory (watery) diarrhea.
The NSP4 enterotoxin of Rotavirus causes secretory (watery) diarrhea.
The NSP4 enterotoxin of Rotavirus increases gut __________ permeability, which results in secretory diarrhea.
The NSP4 enterotoxin of Rotavirus increases gut chloride permeability, which results in secretory diarrhea.
The peak incidence of Rotavirus gastroenteritis occurs in what season?
Winter
What reovirus can present with vomiting, fever, and myalgias?
Colorado tick fever virus
Infection with Colorado tick fever virus typically presents with _________, fever, and _________.
Infection with Colorado tick fever virus typically presents with vomiting, fever, and myalgias.
What is the treatment for Rotavirus gastroenteritis?
Oral rehydration therapy
+
supportive care
The rotavirus vaccine is a ____________ vaccine that is administered _____________.
The rotavirus vaccine is a live-attenuated vaccine that is administered orally.
A child presents with bloody diarrhea and acute abdominal pain. You learn that nothing in the child’s daily life has recently changed except that the child recently received the Rotavirus vaccine.
What complication of Rotavirus vaccination is the patient experiencing?
Intussusception
