Roaring 20s/Great Depression

Question 1

What was the roaring 20s?

Answer 1

Period of influential changes in lifestyles, arts, and technology

Question 2

What is a flapper?

Answer 2

Liberal women with their newly found freedoms
Wore bobbed hair, makeup, and shorter dresses
Eager to try something new

Question 3

What 2 amendments were added?

Answer 3

18th- prohibition, prohibited the manufacturing, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages
19th- women granted right to vote, role of women changed

Question 4

What is a speakeasy?

Answer 4

Underground private club during prohibition; headquarters for organized crime

Question 5

What 4 things did Harvey Couch do?

Answer 5

Began telephone lines across the state
Founded the Arkansas Power and Light Company
Convinced Northern bankers to build dams on Ouachita River
Started AR’s first radio station WOK in Pine Bluff

Question 6

What town in AR had the first oil boom?

Answer 6

El Dorado

Question 7

What year was the worst flood in AR

Answer 7

1927

Question 8

What is a prolonged dry spell?

Answer 8

Drought

Question 9

What is an “Arkie”?

Answer 9

A farmer who loaded up their belongings and moved west (…to California)

Question 10

What did the unemployment rate jump to in AR during the Great Depression?

Answer 10

25%

Question 11

When the depression hit AR how many banks failed, how many businesses closed, and how many people lost their job?

Answer 11

192 banks
Half of all business
245,000 lost jobs

Question 12

Who was Hattie Caraway?

Answer 12

She won by a large margin, becoming the 1st female US senator

Question 13

What was the New Deal?

Answer 13

FDR’s plan to bring US out of depression

Question 14

What is bank holiday?

Answer 14

Closed all banks in US; only allowed to reopen when financially strong

Question 15

What is deficit spending?

Answer 15

Using borrowed money to fund government programs

Question 16

What was formed to back savings accounts?

Answer 16

Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC)

Question 17

To end peoples’s need for gov’t aid; people were hired to build- became AR largest employer

Answer 17

Works Progress Association (WPA)

Question 18

$9 million to AR; provided food, shelter and money for unemployed

Answer 18

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

Question 19

Paid farmers not to grow crops; as quantity cleared, prices stabilized

Answer 19

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

Question 20

What was the Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union

Answer 20

Payments went to landowners, formed by black and white sharecroppers
Goals: getting fair share at gov’t programs, higher wages for hired hands, better deal for tenants

Question 21

What hired young men to work on outdoor projects

Answer 21

Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)

Question 22

Hired skilled laborers for projects, such as Robinson Auditorium

Answer 22

Public Works Administration (PWA)

Question 23

What is the Dyess Colony

Answer 23

Used AR program model- WR Dyess, states FERA chief and plantation owner, used FERA funds to create an ideal farm community for AR relief clients
Divided 16,000 acres into 500 farmsteads for 3000 white Arkansans
Designed in shape of wagon wheel

Question 24

What is a liberal

Answer 24

one supportive of government programs

Question 25

What is a conservative

Answer 25

one opposed to government programs

Question 26

Laissez Faire

Answer 26

opposed to government regulation; hands off policy

Question 27

What was the AR advancement Association?

Answer 27

formed to promote good points of the state to out of state investors
Brought newspaper and magazine writers to AR

Question 28

What was AR’s new nickname

Answer 28

The Wonder State

General Assembly adopted new nickname

Question 29

What was AR major moneymaker in 1920?

Answer 29

Timber

Question 30

What was the cotton club?

Answer 30

Jazz club in Harlem, New York that featured some of the greatest black entertainers of that time but only served whites.

Question 31

What events led to the Elaine Race Riots in AR?

Answer 31

The fear in social change, the creation of the Progressive Farmers and Household Union of America which was designed to unite black sharecroppers, and

Question 32

How long was the Elaine Race Riot?

Answer 32

2 days and 1 night

Question 33

What was the range of deaths at the

Answer 33

Whites - 5

Blacks - 25-856

Question 34

An AR soldier killed in action during WWI who received the congressional medal of honor

Answer 34

Oscar Franklin Miller

Question 35

An accomplished marksman in the US army during WWI, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross

Answer 35

Herman Davis

Question 36

A WWI flying ace, earned the British Distinguished Service Cross with an oak leaf cluster. Only 2 people in the war shot down more aircraft for the US army air service during WWI

Answer 36

Capt. Field E. Kindley

Question 37

A soldier who served 2 months in WWI before his plane was shot down . Later, his diary was assembled into “War Birds: the diary of an Unknown Aviator” and published. It recorded memories and horrors of WWI fighter pilots. The Pine Bluff airport is named after him.

Answer 37

John Grider

Question 38

Who was the key defense lawyer?

Answer 38

Scipio Jones (little rocks leading black lawyer)

Question 39

What helped finance court appeals?

Answer 39

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Question 40

What happened to the 12 blacks who were tried and sentenced to death?

Answer 40

They quickly appealed to higher courts.

Question 41

What is social security?

Answer 41

Collected taxes to pay pensions for retired, disabled, and unemployed.

Question 42

What are 3 things AR did to help the war effort?

Answer 42

• Arkansans engaged in wheatless Mondays and meatless Tuesdays
• Arkansans served in the American Red Cross
• Grew cotton and mined bauxite that were processed for wartime supplies

Question 43

What was the end result of the Elaine Race Riot?

Answer 43

65 African-Americans were tried on various charges, 12 blacks were sentenced to death but quickly appealed to larger courts