Robbery

Question 1

Robbery Introduction/ definition

Answer 1

• D may be liable for robbery
  -Section 8 of the theft act 1968 defines theft as,” Where the D steals, and immediately before or at the time of, and in order to do so, uses force or the threat of force

Question 2

Actus Reus Robbery stage 1

Answer 2

The D must have committed a theft (Robinson)
- Apply by using the phrase, ‘This has already been established above”, as you start with theft first.

Question 3

Actus Reus robbery stage 2

Answer 3

The D must use force or the threat of force.
- (Dawson)- Any amount of force is enough
-Side rules- Indirect force- Force can be applied to the V’s clothing (Clouden)
-Threats of force- Even if the D does not feel fear, this is still enough (B&R v DPP)

Question 4

Actus reus stage 3 robbery

Answer 4

Force must be used immediately before or at the time of the theft.
- (Hale)- Appropriation is a continuing act, so as long as force takes place at some pint, then this is enough.

Question 5

Actus reus robbery stage 4

Answer 5

Force must be used in order to steal (Lockley)

Question 6

Mens Rea (stage 5) of Robbery

Answer 6

• Firstly, the mens rea of theft must be established- dishonesty, and intention to permanently deprive (Robinson)
• The mens rea of robbery is the intention to use force or the threat of force (Mohan)