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rock and mineral Flashcards

(18 cards)

1
Q

A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystal line structure

A

Mineral

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2
Q

The solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil or oceans

A

Rock

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3
Q

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

A

Element

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4
Q

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

A

Compound

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5
Q

A solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern

A

Crystal

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6
Q

The quality of an object or substance with respect to light reflected by the object, usually determined visually by measurement of hue, saturation, and brightness of the reflected light

A

Color

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7
Q

The way in which a mineral reflects light

A

Luster

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8
Q

The color of the powder of a mineral

A

Streak

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9
Q

The splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces

A

Cleavage

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10
Q

The manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces

A

Fracture

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11
Q

The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance

A

Density

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12
Q

A natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably

A

Ore

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13
Q

Containing valuable metals such as nickel (pentlandite), copper (chalcopyrite), zinc (sphalerite), lead (galena) and gold

A

Metallic minerals

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14
Q

Do not contain metal elements in their inorganic chemical formula

A

Non-metallic minerals

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15
Q

A precious or semiprecious stone, especially one cut, polished, and used in a piece of jewelry.

A

Gemstones

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16
Q

Is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava

17
Q

That has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water

A

Sedimentary rock

18
Q

That was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat, pressure, or some other agent without passing through a liquid phase

A

Metamorphic rock