Rocks

Question 1

It is a concept used to explain how the three basic rock types are related and how Earth processes, over geologic time, change a rock from one type into another.

Answer 1

ROCK CYCLE

Question 2

An aggregate of minerals or rocks that are coherent.

Answer 2

Rocks

Question 3

WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING MINERALS?

Answer 3

Minerals are building blocks of rocks.

Question 4

Three TYPES OF ROCKS

Answer 4

• IGNEOUS
• SEDIMENTARY
• METAMORPHIC

Question 5

Any crystalline or glassy rock that forms from cooling of a magma.

Answer 5

IGNEOUS ROCKS

Question 6

TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

Answer 6

PLUTONIC and VOLCANIC

Question 7

Crystallized below the surface of the earth

(P or V) - igneous

Answer 7

PLUTONIC ROCKS

Question 8

PHANERITIC texture: coarse-grained

(P or V)

Answer 8

PLUTONIC ROCKS

Question 9

Examples: Granite, Diorite, Gabbro

(P or V)

Answer 9

PLUTONIC ROCKS

Question 10

Examples of Plutonic Rocks

Answer 10

Granite, Diorite, Gabbro

Question 11

Crystallized on the surface of the earth

Answer 11

VOLCANIC ROCKS

Question 12

APHANITIC texture: fine-grained

(P or V)

Answer 12

VOLCANIC ROCKS

Question 13

Examples: RHYOLITE, ANDESITE, BASALT

Answer 13

VOLCANIC ROCKS

Question 14

VOLCANIC ROCKS

-examples

Answer 14

RHYOLITE, ANDESITE, BASALT

Question 15

rocks that form near the surface of the earth through chemical precipitation from water or by cementation of loose fragments.

Answer 15

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Question 16

Breaking down of rocks to sediments

(Classification of sedimentary rocks)

Answer 16

WEATHERING

Question 17

Compaction and cementation of sediments to rocks

(Classification of sedimentary rocks)

Answer 17

LITHIFICATION

Question 18

–causes the disintegration of rock to smaller fragments

(Classification of sedimentary rocks)

Answer 18

Weathering

Question 19

disintegration of rocks and minerals by a physical or mechanical process.

Example: frost or ice wedging, burrowing of animals, roots of plants

(Classification of weathering; sedimentary rocks)

Answer 19

Physical Weathering

Question 20

chemical alteration or decomposition of rocks and minerals

Examples: hydrolysis, hydration, oxidation

(Classification of weathering)

Answer 20

Chemical Weathering

Question 21

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 21

CLASTIC and NON-CLASTIC

Question 22

Classified on particle size

• clastic or non-clastic?

Answer 22

CLASTICS

Question 23

The presence of variable grain sizes is indicative of sedimentary differentiation which is actually a function of processes happening in different sedimentary environment.

-clastic or non-clastic?

Answer 23

CLASTICS

Question 24

Formed through evaporation and precipitation

(Type of Sedimentary rocks)

Answer 24

NON-CLASTICS

Question 25

form as a result of increasing the pressure and/or temperature on a previously existing rock to form a new rock. (Type of Rocks)

Answer 25

METAMORPHIC ROCKS

Question 26

Refers to the changes in mineral assemblage and texture. (METAMORPHIC ROCKS)

Answer 26

METAMORPHISM

Question 27

AGENTS OF METAMORPHISM

Answer 27

•HEAT •PRESSURE •CHEMICALLY- ACTIVE FLUIDS

Question 28

TWO TYPES OF METAMORPHISM

Answer 28

CONTACT METAMORPHISM (non-foliated rocks) and REGIONAL METAMORPHISM (foliated rocks)

Question 29

Heat and chemically-active fluid as agents (Type of metamorphism)

Answer 29

CONTACT METAMORPHISM

Question 30

Creates non-foliated metamorphic rocks (Type of metamorphism)

Answer 30

CONTACT METAMORPHISM

Question 31

There are no alignment or layering of minerals. ( foliated or non-foliated?)

Answer 31

NON-FOLIATED ROCKS

Question 32

•Pressure as agent •Creates foliated metamorphic rocks •Occurs at regional scale (Type of metamorphism)

Answer 32

REGIONAL METAMORPHISM

Question 33

There are visible alignment or layering of minerals. (Foliated or non-foliated)

Answer 33

FOLIATED ROCKS

Question 34

Cooling and crystallization of magma (Type of Rocks)

Answer 34

Igneous

Question 35

Lithification of sediments (Type of rocks)

Answer 35

Sedimentary

Question 36

Application of heat, pressure & fluids (Type of rocks)

Answer 36

Metamorphic