Rocks

Question 1

Name the three types of rocks

Answer 1

Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic

Question 2

What is geology

Answer 2

Geology is the study of rocks

Question 3

What are igneous rocks

Answer 3

Igneous rocks are rocks that form when magma/lava cools down

Question 4

Name the two types of igneous rocks

Answer 4

Basalt and Granite

Question 5

How is granite made

Answer 5

Granite is made from magma cooling down very slowly and hardening deep inside the earths crust. It has many tiny crystals that are made from silica hardening

Question 6

How is basalt made

Answer 6

Basalt is made from lava cooling outside the volcano. It cools quickly as it comes into contact with air, frost, snow and water. This is an extrusive rock. They have many microscopic crystals s the cooling does not let them get very big.

Question 7

Name a location in Ireland where basalt can be found

Answer 7

The Giants Causeway in Co. Antrim is made up of basalt rock

Question 8

Draw a diagram of how basalt and granite are made (+labels)

Answer 8

Labels: magma, mantle, crust, basalt cools fast on surface;granite cools slowly underground

Question 9

What is a sedimentary rock

Answer 9

A sedimentary rock is a rock formed when rock particles build up on the sea floor or a lake bed. They then are compacted and cemented together.

Question 10

Name three sedimentary rocks

Answer 10

Limestone, shale, sandstone or coal

Question 11

How are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 11

Sedimentary rocks are formed by rock particles building up on the sea floor then getting compacted and cemented together

Question 12

Where can you find shale and sandstone in Ireland

Answer 12

The cliffs of Moher, Co. Claire

Question 13

Where in Ireland can you find limestone

Answer 13

Co. Mayo
C. Galway

Question 14

What is sandstone made from

Answer 14

Sandstone is made from sand particles

Question 15

What is limestone made from

Answer 15

Limestone is made from layers of fish bones and shells

Question 16

What is coal made from

Answer 16

Coal is made from layers of dead leaves and vegetation

Question 17

What is shale made from

Answer 17

Shale is made from layers on mud

Question 18

What types of imprints an be seen on sedimentary rocks

Answer 18

Fossil imprints can be seen

Question 19

Draw a diagram of how sedimentary rocks are formed (+labels)

Answer 19

Layers, sea & land

Question 20

How are metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 20

Metamorphic rocks are formed when great pressure and heat changes it

Question 21

Name three metamorphic rocks

Answer 21

Quartz(ite), marble and slate

Question 22

What does limestone turn into

Answer 22

Limestone turns into marble

Question 23

What does sandstone turn into

Answer 23

Sandstone changes into quartzite

Question 24

How hot does lava/magma need to be to change limestone and sandstone

Answer 24

Around 1200° C

Question 25

What does shale turn into and how

Answer 25

Pressure turned shale into slate

Question 26

Draw a diagram of metamorphic rocks (+labels)

Answer 26

Weight of rocks, metamorphic rocks, pressure and heat changes

Question 27

Where can you find quartz in Ireland

Answer 27

Co. Mayo Co. Galway Co. Wicklow

Question 28

Where can granite be found in Ireland

Answer 28

Wicklow mountains

Question 29

What is limestone used for

Answer 29

Cement is made from limestone

Question 30

What is basalt used for

Answer 30

Basalt is used as foundation stones and road surfaces

Question 31

What are igneous rocks used for

Answer 31

Igneous rocks are used for geothermal energy

Question 32

Name 5 precious stones

Answer 32

gold, silver, copper, iron, lead & zinc

Question 33

Name 2 rock landscapes

Answer 33

The Burren, Co. Clare The Grand Canyon, America

Question 34

What is another word for layers in a sedimentary rocks

Answer 34

Strata