Rocks Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is Porosity?
Percentage of the pore (empty space or void) space in a material.
What is Permeability?
The rate of fluid flow through a material.
What are grains?
Mineral crystals or sediment particles that make up all rock.
Why do sedimentary rocks fizz when vinegar is put on them?
Sedimentary rocks contain the remains of animals and plants (fossils) The calcium carbonate in the fossils means that they fizz when vinegar is dropped on them.
What are sedimentary rocks?
They are rocks formed of sediment. They are grainy and are often found near water.
What are crystalline rocks?
These are rocks made of crystals which grew during the formation of the rock.
What are Igneous rocks?
These are rocks that are formed from cooling liquid rock (magma). They are covered in interlocking crystals, so are very strong and have very little void inside them.
What are metamorphic rocks?
These are rocks that are formed from other rocks due to great increases of temperature and/or pressure. These rocks are identifiable by their layers or bands and interlocking crystals.
Complete the sentences below:
Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock called _____ cools. If the molten rock is forced to the surface, it cools _______ to form _____ crystals (we say that this is ____-grained).
Magma, quickly, interlocking, fine.
Complete the sentences below:
If the rock does not reach the surface, it cools ______ to form _____ crystals (we say this is _____-grained).
Slowly, large, coarse.
What is weathering?
The break up and chemical break down of material at the Earth’s surface due to weather WITHOUT the removal of solid material.
What is erosion?
The removal of solid material which has usually been loosened by weathering.
