Rocks Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the two types of weathering?
Mechanical and Chemical
What are the three main type of rocks?
Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
What is an extrusive rock?
An extrusive rock is an igneous rock that forms on earth’s surface
Example of extrusive rock
Basalt
What is an intrusive rock?
A igneous rock formed when magma hardens UNDERGROUND
Example of intrusive rock
Granite
How are igneous rocks formed?
Lava and magma
How are Sedimentary rocks formed?
When bits of sediment are deposited by water and/or wind.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Heat and pressure, they can also come from igneous, sedimentary, and other metamorphic rocks
What is weathering?
Weathering is when a rock is broken up by thawing or freezing.
What is Erosion?
Erosion is when pieces of broken rock is carried away by water, wind, or ice
What is deposition?
When sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it into layers as it sinks to the bottom of lakes and rivers
What is compaction?
Compaction is a process that presses sediment rock together
What is cementation?
Cementation is when dissolved minerals (in water) crystallize and glue together
What are three types of sediment rock?
Clastic, Organic, and Chemical rocks
How does a clastic rock form?
A clastic rock is a sedimentary rock formed when rock fragments are squeezed together
How does an organic rock form?
Organic rock forms where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in layers
How does a chemical rocks form?
Chemical rock forms when minerals dissolved in water solution crystallize
What does foliated mean?
Foliated means it has a pattern and non foliated means it doesn’t have a pattern
To get from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks, what has to happen?
Heat and pressure
To get from igneous rocks to magma and lava, what has to happen?
Melting
To get from metamorphic rock to sediment, what has to happen?
Weathering and erosion
To get from sedimentary rock to magma and lava, what has to happen?
Melting
To get from sedimentary rock to sediment, what has to happen?
Weathering and erosion
