Rocks

Question 1

Formed from cooling and solidification of hot melted rock called magma (if it is underground) or lava (if it has reached the surface of the earth).

These are PRIMARY ROCKS (all other rocks derived from them)

And they make up most of the earth.

Answer 1

Igneous rocks

Question 2

Formed from the buts and pieces of weathered out pre-existing rocks.

Most common rocks at the earth’s surface.

Records what has been going on up there.

Answer 2

Sedimentary rocks

Question 3

Formed when heat or pressure and/or chemically active fluids change a pre-existing rock into a new rock

Answer 3

Metamorphic rocks

Question 4

Igneous rocks formed by magma intruding pre-existing rock and then solidifying in place

Answer 4

Intrusion

Question 5

Cuts across the bedding i.e. other layers of rock

Answer 5

Dykes

Question 6

Intrusion that runs parallel to other layers of rock

Answer 6

Sills

Question 7

Anything that cuts across or through anything else is younger than the thing it cuts

Example:

Intrusions are younger than country rocks

Answer 7

Cross cutting relationship

Question 8

Rock that was already there

Answer 8

Country rock

Question 9

Crack in rock that rock moves along

Answer 9

Faults

Question 10

Crack in rock that rock moves along (faults) are younger than the rocks they are in

Answer 10

True

Question 11

If a piece of one rock (a) is included in another rock then the included rock (a) is older than the other rock (b)

Answer 11

Law of inclusions

Question 12

If rock a is affected by an intrusion or some other geologic process, it must be older than the thing affecting it

Answer 12

Law of being affected by