ROCKS AND MINERALS

Question 1

It is a homogenous solid and is naturally occurring substance with a chemical composition, a high
ordered atomic structure and has a specific physical property

Answer 1

Minerals

Question 2

It is an example of a mineral; a substance with three-dimensional plane faces

Answer 2

Crystal Solid

Question 3

The least reliable property for identifying minerals

Answer 3

Color

Question 4

The color of a mineral in powdered form

Answer 4

Streak

Question 5

What are the 2 mineral samples most difficult to distinguish from each other based on their color, luster, and
streak?

Answer 5

Halite and quartz

Question 6

It is the resistance to scratching

Answer 6

Hardness

Question 7

a mineral that can be scratched by a copper penny

Answer 7

Gypsum

Question 8

It is a white color mineral and the softest mineral that a fingernail can scratch it.

Answer 8

Talc

Question 9

It is a property of a mineral breaking in a more or less random pattern with no
smooth planar surfaces; illustrated by the peeling of muscovite mica into thin, flat sheets

Answer 9

Cleavage/Fracture

Question 10

a transparent gemstone; has a conchoidal fracture, and is relatively brittle

Answer 10

Quartz

Question 11

• geometric shape of mineral crystals

Answer 11

Crystalline Structure

Question 12

• the degree to which light is transmitted through a mineral

Answer 12

Transparency/diaphaneity

Question 13

most apparent to iron

Answer 13

Magnetism

Question 14

• resistance to breaking

Answer 14

Tenacity

Question 15

• describes how a mineral’s surface reflects light and how the interior of the mineral may
  refract or bend light.

Answer 15

Luster

Question 16

weight/heaviness of a mineral; determines how heavy the mineral is by
comparing its weight to that of water

Answer 16

Specific gravity/Density

Question 17

• aggregation of minerals and another rock fragment

Answer 17

Rocks

Question 18

forms from cooling/solidification of molten rocks- lava/magma

Answer 18

Igneous Rocks

Question 18

beneath the earth’s surface

Answer 18

Lava

Question 19

On the earth’s surface

Answer 19

Magma

Question 20

formed from the remains of once-living organisms, such as shells or plant material

Answer 20

Sedimentary Rocks

Question 21

rocks formed by heat and pressure

Answer 21

Metamorphic

Question 22

• process of changing the materials that make up a rock

Answer 22

Metamorphism

Question 23

• those that occur or are created under the Earth’s surface; processes
  driven by the earth’s heat and gravity.

Answer 23

Endogenic Processes

Question 24

geological phenomena and processes that originate externally to the Earth's surface

Answer 24

Exogenic Processes

Question 25

- the displacement of rock upward or downward from their original position along such a fracture

Answer 25

Faulting

Question 26

process of slow downslope flowing of soil mass or fine-grained rock debris saturated or lubricated with water; very slow to extremely slow movement of earth material along a slope

Answer 26

Solifluction

Question 27

the physical disintegration and chemical decomposition of Earth materials at the surface of the earth

Answer 27

Weathering

Question 28

It is the breakdown of rocks by mechanical forces concentrated along rock fractures.

Answer 28

Physical Weathering

Question 29

process by which rocks break down through chemical reactions

Answer 29

Chemical Weathering

Question 30

the absence of vegetation and cover and with heavy rainfall, thick layers of weathered materials get saturated with water and either slow or rapidly flow down along definite channels; This happens when combined soil and water flow downslope

Answer 30

Mudflow

Question 31

a slow downslope movement of loosely consolidated materials of rocks and soil layers

Answer 31

Mass Wasting

Question 32

- a large amount of sediments, usually rock of various sizes, fall downslope

Answer 32

Debris Flow

Question 33

- process by which earth’s surface is worn away by wind, water, or ice.

Answer 33

Erosion

Question 34

the laying down of broken rocks carried by wind, water, or ice.

Answer 34

Deposition

Question 35

It means to strip off or uncover

Answer 35

Denudation

Question 36

scale that represents the intensity of earthquake by analyzing the aftereffects like how many people felt

Answer 36

Mercalli Scale

Question 37

scale that represents the magnitude of the earthquake.

Answer 37

Richter Scale

Question 38

nothing but the slide of individual rock masses.

Answer 38

Rockslide

Question 39

- It is the movement of earth materials on a downslope terrain

Answer 39

Slump

Question 40

- very large composite volcano collapsed after an explosive period

Answer 40

Caldera

Question 41

It forms horizontal sheet of lava or low dome shaped volcano with a broad base; liquid lava emitted from a central vent; large; sometimes has a

Answer 41

Shield Volcano

Question 42

the weak or violent shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the sudden movement of rock materials beneath it.

Answer 42

Earthquake

Question 43

- apparatus/instrument that measures and records ground shaking

Answer 43

Seismogram

Question 44

the place in the surface of the earth right above the focus of an earthquake

Answer 44

Epicenter

Question 45

the place in an earthquake where the energy is released like an explosion. The source of the energy

Answer 45

Focus