Rocks and Minerals Test

Question 1

What is a rock?

Answer 1

A rock is a solid collection of one or more minerals.

Question 2

What are the physical properties of a rock?

Answer 2

texture, hardness, shininess, streak, and crystal shape and size

Question 3

What are the chemical properties of a rock?

Answer 3

chemical components and reactions with acid

Question 4

What are the three main types of rock?

Answer 4

igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary

Question 5

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 5

Existing rocks changed under heat and pressure

Question 6

What are some characteristics of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 6

ordered crystals, dense, hard, may contain fossils

Question 7

Name 3 metamorphic rocks:

Answer 7

marble, slate, gneiss

Question 8

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 8

volcanic rock formed when magma cools, solidifies, and crystalizes

Question 9

What is the difference between magma and lava?

Answer 9

magma is underground and lava is on the surface

Question 10

What are the 2 types of igneous rocks?

Answer 10

intrusive and extrusive

Question 11

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

Answer 11

magma

Question 12

How are extrusive igneous rocks formed?

Answer 12

lava

Question 13

What are the characteristics of intrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 13

slow to cool therefore large crystals, no fossils (too hot), hard

Question 14

What are the characteristics of extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 14

quick to cool therefore small crystals, no fossils, hard

Question 15

Name 2 intrusive igneous rocks:

Answer 15

granite, gabbara

Question 16

Name 2 extrusive igneous rocks:

Answer 16

basalt, pumice, obsidian

Question 17

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 17

compacted and cemented sediments

Question 18

What are the characteristics of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 18

can contain fossils, layered, ribbons, soft and crumbly, no crystals

Question 19

Name 3 sedimentary rocks:

Answer 19

limestone, sandstone, coal

Question 20

What is a mineral?

Answer 20

naturally occurring solid crystal chemical compound

Question 21

What are the 2 types of minerals?

Answer 21

metallic and non metallic

Question 22

Name some minerals:

Answer 22

lead, Sulphur, aluminum oxide

Question 23

What is an ore?

Answer 23

metal mineral that is worth extracting from a rock to provide valuable resources

Question 24

What are the types of weathering?

Answer 24

chemical, physical, biological

Question 25

What information can rocks tell us and how?

Answer 25

past natural events (different layers of sediments), past species (fossils), past volcanic episodes (igneous), travel (type of rock-environment)

Question 26

What are fossils?

Answer 26

impressions of plants and animals left in rocks from millions of years ago

Question 27

How are fossils formed?

Answer 27

when an organism dies and is buried by sediment

Question 28

What are the 4 types of fossils?

Answer 28

original, replacement, carbon film, indirect

Question 29

How many minerals are rocks a collection of?

Answer 29

one or more

Question 29

What are sediments?

Answer 29

small pieces of rocks worn away through weathering

Question 30

What are original fossils?

Answer 30

actual parts of an organism that are preserved

Question 31

What are replacement fossils?

Answer 31

minerals in the fossil's shell or bones are replaced

Question 32

What are carbon film fossils?

Answer 32

thin black carbon film forms due to decay

Question 33

What are indirect fossils?

Answer 33

not part of an organism but are imprints

Question 34

What is chemical weathering?

Answer 34

chemical composition is changed - water reactions

Question 35

What is biological weathering?

Answer 35

plants break up rocks

Question 36

What is physical weathering?

Answer 36

when rocks are broken apart without their chemical composition changing eg: stepping, water hitting, temperature changes,

Question 37

What is erosion?

Answer 37

natural materials are worn away and transported by wind, water, or glaciers

Question 38

What is deposition?

Answer 38

sediments are settled in layers

Question 39

What is weathering?

Answer 39

Loosening of a rock