Rocks presentation Flashcards by Thomas Duinhoven

Q

How do igneous rocks form?

A

Form when magma cools and crystallises

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Q

What affects the texture of igneous rocks?

A

Cooling conditions

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Q

What type of crystals do extrusive igneous rocks contain?

A

Smaller or invisible crystals

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Q

How are extrusive igneous rocks form?

A

Cools quickly near the surface

Less time for crystals to grow

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Q

Example of extrusive igneous rocks

A

Rhyolite

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Q

What type of crystals do intrusive igneous rocks have?

A

Larger crystals

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Q

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

A

Cools down slowly deep underground

More time for crystals to grow

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Q

Example of intrusive igneous rocks

A

Granite

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Q

What do mafic rocks have?

A

More fe and mg

Less si and al

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Q

Extrusive and mafic

A

Basalt

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Q

Intrusive and mafic

A

Gabbro

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Q

Extrusive and felsic

A

Rhyolite

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Q

Intrusive and felsic

A

Granite

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Q

Extrusive and intermediate

A

Andesite

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Q

Intrusive and intermediate

A

Diorite

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Q

What do Felsic rocks have?

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A

More si, al

Less fe and mg

Q

Mafic colour

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A

Dark

Q

Felsic

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A

Lighter

Q

What are the two types of sedimentary rocks?

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A

Non clastic

Clastic

Q

Non clastic

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A

Form by precipitation

Q

What are clastic?

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A

Broken pieces of older rocks

Q

How are clastic formed?

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A

Form by the accumulation/compaction/lithification of the sediment

Q

Example of non clastic

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A

Limestone

Q

Example of clastic

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A

Conglomerate

Sandstone

Mudstone

Thinnest grain size for sedimentary

Mudstone

Largest grain size for sedimentary

Conglomerate

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Exposure to pressure Exposure to high heat

Non foliated

Pressure is exerted from all direction

Foliated

Pressure is exerted from one direction

Parent rock of amphibolite

Basalt

Parent rock of serpentinite

Ultramorphic rock

Parent rock of quartzite

Sandstone

Parent rock of marble

Limestone