Role of Enzymes Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
Catalase is an example of an [blank] enzyme
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Intracellular
Amylase is an example of an [blank] enzyme
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Extracellular
What is an extracellular enzyme?
An enzyme (e.g. amylase) which functions outside the cell from which it is produced
What is an intracellular enzyme?
An enzyme which functions inside the cell from which it originates
Most enzymes are [blank]
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Globular proteins
Anabolic and Catabolic reactions are examples of [blank]
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Metabolic reactions
What do anabolic reactions do?
They are involved in synthesis reactions
What do catabolic reactions do?
They are involved in the breaking down of large molecules
Metabolic reactions are catalysed by [blank]
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Enzymes
Define metabolism
The sum of all the different reactions taking place in a cell or organism
Explain the Lock and Key hypothesis
The shape of the enzyme’s active site is comlementary to the shape of the substrate molecule
The substrate molecule binds to the enzyme’s active site, by interacting with amino acids by temporary bonding forming a enzyme-subtrate complex
The enzyme breaks down the substrate molecule to form the enzyme-product complex
The products are released from the active site
Explain the induced fit theory of enzymes
As the subtrate molecule collides with the active site, it changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme which changes the shape of the active site to fit more closely around the substrate.
An enzyme-substrate complex is formed
What is a biological catalyst?
- Enymes are biological because they are part of a living organism
- They are catalysts because they increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
