Role of the PT in Health Promotion and Fitness

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Wellness

Answer 2

Positive quality of life and outlook on life

Question 3

Health Promotion

Answer 3

Any effort to improve wellness through awareness and empowerment

Question 4

Health Education

Answer 4

Learning experiences to help individuals and
communities improve their health by increasing their knowledge and
influencing their attitudes

Question 5

Population/Public Health

Answer 5

The practice of preventing diseases and
promoting good health by providing the resources and creating
environments that help people stay healthy

Question 6

Injury Prevention

Answer 6

An effort to prevent or reduce the severity of bodily injuries caused by external mechanisms

Question 7

Levels of injury prevention

Answer 7

• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary

Question 8

Primary Injury Prevention

Answer 8

• Directly target the problem

- EX: fitness program to lose weight

Question 9

Secondary Injury Prevention

Answer 9

• Decreasing duration or severity of disease

- EX: fall prevention training for individuals with osteoporosis

Question 10

Tertiary Injury Prevention

Answer 10

• Decreasing disability

- EX: Fitness program for individuals with decreasing disability

Question 11

Lifestyle

Answer 11

How one lives

Question 12

Behavior

Answer 12

The way one acts or conducts oneself towards others

Question 13

Health Behavior

Answer 13

Activity undertaken by people for the purpose of maintaining or enhancing their health, preventing health problems, or achieving a positive body image

Question 14

Wellness

Answer 14

Physical and emotional health, spirituality and social connectivity

Question 15

Quality of life

Answer 15

A standard of health, comfort and happiness experienced by an individual or group

Question 16

Role of the PT in health and wellness

Answer 16

• ID risk factors
• Prevent or slow progression of functional decline
• Reduce disability
• Provide intervention (increase activity, stop smoking, etc)

Question 17

Stress

Answer 17

Disruption of the body’s homeostasis or a state of disharmony in response to a real/perceived threat or challenge

Question 18

Stressor

Answer 18

A threatening or challenging situation

Question 19

Distress

Answer 19

A stress which is caused by a negative response or reaction

Question 20

Eustress

Answer 20

A stress which is caused by a positive response or reaction

Question 21

Emotional Effects of Stress

Answer 21

• Anxiety
• Sadness or depression
• Restlessness
• Fear
• Frustration or anger
• Lack of motivation or focus
• Feeling overwhelmed

Question 22

Physical Effects of Stress

Answer 22

• Nausea
• Indigestion
• Fatigue
• Muscle tension/pain
• Chest or stomach pains
• Change in sex drive
• Sleep problems
• Headaches
• Memory problems

Question 23

Behavioral Effects of Stress

Answer 23

• Angry or aggressive outbursts
• Indecisive
• Inflexible
• Overeating/under-eating
• Drug/alcohol misuse
• Tobacco use
• Social withdrawal
• Less active/exercise less
• Mood swings
• Compulsive behaviors

Question 24

Areas of intervention to manage stress

Answer 24

• Exercise
• Diet/nutrition
• Sleep/rest
• Meditation/relaxation
• Social network (real people)

Question 25

What percentage of primary care physician visits are related to stress?

Answer 25

75-90%

Question 26

Causes of Stress

Answer 26

- Change - Outside force callenging or threatening you - Loss of personal control

Question 27

Symptoms of Stress

Answer 27

- Individualized - Depends on the nature of the stress and level of control over it - Multisystem

Question 28

Interventions to manage stress

Answer 28

- ID stressors - Adequate rest - Time management - Healthy eating - Support network

Question 29

Modes of exercise to manage stress

Answer 29

- Aerobic - Yoga - Tai-Chi - Resistance exercise

Question 30

How does exercise physiologically help with stress?

Answer 30

- Not well documented - Increase in dopamine and serotonin (improves mood) - Improves ability to sleep

Question 31

How does exercise cognitively help with stress?

Answer 31

- Improves alertness and concentration | - Provides a break from stress, in a way a meditative state

Question 32

How can diet and nutrition affect stress?

Answer 32

- The brain needs glucose to work - Avoid "emotional eating" - Stress can lead to bad food selection

Question 33

How can sleep help decrease stress?

Answer 33

Improves physical and mental health

Question 34

How can stress affect sleep?

Answer 34

Increased adrenaline levels and heart rate can cause poor sleep

Question 35

Ways sleep can be poor

Answer 35

- Hard time falling asleep - Cannot stay asleep - Lack of consistent quality sleep - Daytime sleepiness

Question 36

What is meditation?

Answer 36

- Mental exercise for the purpose of achieving relaxation or spiritual awareness

Question 37

Relaxation

Answer 37

Free of tension and anxiety

Question 38

Variations of meditation

Answer 38

- Focused attention - Relaxed breathing - Quiet sitting

Question 39

Benefits of meditation

Answer 39

- Sense of calm - Peace and life balance - Clear info overload

Question 40

What maladies can meditation help manage?

Answer 40

- Anxiety - Asthma - Chronic pain - Cancer - Heart disease - Depression - HTN - Sleep issues - Headaches

Question 41

What percentage of college students will feel stressed at some point during their education?

Answer 41

80%

Question 42

What percentage of college students will feel overwhelmed at least once a year?

Answer 42

50%

Question 43

What percentage of college students will report feelings of depression?

Answer 43

34%

Question 44

What percentage of college students will have thoughts of suicide?

Answer 44

10%

Question 45

How do stress levels in DPT students compare to normal working adults and other college students?

Answer 45

DPT students tend to have higher levels of stress

Question 46

Do female or male DPT students have higher levels of stress?

Answer 46

Females

Question 47

Do first or second year DPT students have higher anxiety?

Answer 47

Second year students

Question 48

Do stress levels have a strong correlation with academic performance?

Answer 48

No

Question 49

Interventions to manage stress in students

Answer 49

- Be prepared, don't fall behind - Mimic testing conditions for practice - Study more effectively - Calm down breathing techniques - Eat and sleep well - Exercise

Question 50

Athletes, stress, and injury

Answer 50

- Increased stress can lead to both acute and overuse injury | - Athletes with anxiety are 2.3x more likely to get hurt vs those who didn't

Question 51

What can stress lead to in athletic activity?

Answer 51

- Acute and chronic injury - Increased muscle tension - Increased recovery time - Fatigue/burnout - Higher susceptibility to illness

Question 52

Types of stressors for athletes

Answer 52

- Competitive - Organizational - Personal

Question 53

Competitive stressors for athletes

Answer 53

- Injury and returning from injury - Pressure of a game - Who the opponent is - Competition for starting position - Changing form or technique

Question 54

Organizational stressors for athletes

Answer 54

- Training issues - Conflict with teammates and coaches - Lack of support from organization/team/school - Travel issues

Question 55

Personal stressors for athletes

Answer 55

- Lifestyle changes - Financial - Outside commitments - Parents - Not wanting to play

Question 56

Interventions for stress in athletes

Answer 56

- Monitoring vitals and workload - Breathing exercises - Muscle relaxation - Visualizing success - Mindfulness - Time management - Sleep/rest - Take a break - Positive self-talk