Roles Of Cytoskeleton

Question 1

Six main roles of cytoskeleton

Answer 1

1. Establishment of cellular polarity
2. Directional migration
3. Formation of bipolar spindles
4. Chromosomal segregation
5. Cytokineis
6. Intracellular transport…

Question 2

What structure is in the microvilli?

Answer 2

Tubulin (microtubules)

Question 3

What structure makes up the terminal web

Answer 3

Actin

Question 4

What are IF’s associated motors?

Answer 4

None known

Question 5

Is IF dynamic? If so, how controlled?

Answer 5

Yes, by phosphorylation

Question 6

Name two examples of IF’s

Answer 6

Keratin, nuclear lamins

Question 7

What is the basic structure of IF?

Answer 7

2 chained coiled coil forms tetramer

Question 8

Is the overall structure of intermediate filaments polar or apolar? Parallel or aparrallel

Answer 8

Nonpolar (sit in middle)

Aparrallel

Question 9

Actin has __ and __ ends

Answer 9

Plus minue

Question 10

Monomer of actin filaments?

Answer 10

Globular protein G-actin that contains a bound nucleotide (ATP or ADP)

Question 11

Polar - actin filaments?

Answer 11

Yes. Plue and minus

Question 12

Which end is faster growing in actin?

Answer 12

Plue

Question 13

`Dimers of tubulin - describe:

Answer 13

Polymers of alphabeta tubulin, alpha and beta bound to ATP. Polar

Question 14

ATP-actin is preferably added to which end?

Answer 14

The barbed or plus end

Question 15

Is ATP hydrolysis required for actin polymerization?

Answer 15

No; influences stabilization

Question 16

In actin filaments AND microtubules, Polymerization is followed by… Keep going…

Answer 16

Hydrolysis, catches up to minus but not plus end.

Question 17

In MICROTUBULES, the plus end transitions between ___ & ____

Answer 17

Growth and shrinking

Question 18

Is actin highly regulated by binding proteins?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

4 structures made of microtubules

Answer 19

Cilia, flagella, centrioles, and basal bodies

Question 20

Acronym - microtubules

Answer 20

Many cities create fun bars

Question 21

Microvilli has filaments of

Answer 21

Actin

Question 22

Primary cilium - motile or non-motile?

Answer 22

Non-motile

Question 23

Detection of motile cilia

Answer 23

9 doublets and 1 central doublet

Question 24

Microtubule associated proteins are called

Answer 24

MAPs

Question 25

For the microtubules to "reach" the cell periphery, what proteins inhibit catastrophies by binding to and tracking the + end of a growing microtubule?

Answer 25

+ tip proteins

Question 26

What toxin stabilizes Actin filaments?

Answer 26

Phalloidin

Question 27

What toxin depolymerizes microtubules?

Answer 27

Colchicine

Question 28

What toxin binds and stabilizes microtubules?

Answer 28

Taxol

Question 29

Two drivers of cellular movement That are both cytoskeleton dependent?

Answer 29

Motor-driven or polymerization driven

Question 30

Intracellular transport can be driven in which two ways?

Answer 30

Motor-driven or polymerization-driven

Question 31

What is the role of dynamic actin filaments in cellular function?

Answer 31

Actin polymerization alone can drive cell migration; certain bacteria commandeer the cell's actin polymerization machinery during infection.