ROM, Somatic Dysfunction And Barriers (Lab And Lecture)

Question 1

Which one is greater, passive ROM or active ROM?

Answer 1

Passive

Question 2

What type of barrier is the limit of active motion?

Answer 2

Physiologic barrier

Question 3

What type of barrier is the range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier (end of passive motion)?

Answer 3

Elastic barrier

Question 4

What type of barrier is the limit imposed by a structure?

Answer 4

Anatomic barrier

Question 5

What type of barrier is the functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic ROM?

Answer 5

Restrictive barrier

Question 6

What types of motion occur in a sagittal plane?

Answer 6

Flexion/extension

Question 7

What types of motion occur in a frontal (coronal) plane?

Answer 7

Sidebending

Question 8

What types of motion occur in a horizontal (transverse) plane?

Answer 8

Rotation

[also horizontal adduction and horizondal abduction of shoulder joint]

Question 9

The type of joint dictates the type of motion (structure/function interrelationship). What are the 3 types of joints defined in OS?

Answer 9

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 10

What type of joints are the skull articulations?

Answer 10

Fibrous

Question 11

What type of joints are the discs between vertebrae?

Answer 11

Cartilaginous

Question 12

What types of joints are commonly found in the extremities?

Answer 12

Synovial

Question 13

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

Answer 13

Pivot (between C1/C2)
Hinge (elbow)
Saddle (thumb)
Ball and socket (hip)
Condyloid (radius and wrist)
Plane (between tarsals)

Question 14

Motion has what 3 major components?

Answer 14

Direction (flexion, extension, etc.)
Range (actual degrees)
Quality (smooth, ratcheting, restricted)

Question 15

What type of end-feel is like a rubber-band?

Answer 15

Elastic

Question 16

What type of end feel is found in osteoarthritis, or a hinge joint?

Answer 16

Abrupt

Question 17

What type of end-feel is found in somatic dysfunction?

Answer 17

Hard end-feel

Question 18

What type of end-feel stops due to guarding (patient doesn’t allow motion due to pain)

Answer 18

Empty

Question 19

What end-feel involves involuntary muscle guarding as in a pinched nerve?

Answer 19

Crisp

Question 20

________ refers to the range of motion in a joint or group of joints, or the ability to move joints effectively through a complete range of motion

Answer 20

Flexibility

Question 21

What are the two major types of flexibility?

Answer 21

Static

Dynamic

Question 22

What type of flexibility is characterized by the ROM an athlete can produce and the speed at which they can produce it?

Answer 22

Dynamic flexibility

Question 23

What type of flexibility is characterized by the maximal ROM a joint can achieve with an externally applied force?

Answer 23

Static flexibility

Question 24

_______ is a term used to describe reduced flexibility in ROM of a joint or group of joints

Answer 24

Stiffness

Question 25

ROM of the spine involves a complicated system of articulations and bony segments that serve to protect the spinal cord while providing a basic support axis for the upper body. An important concept here is _________ _________

Answer 25

Coupled motion

Question 26

The structure and motion of spinal segments differ substantially over the entirety of the spinal column. What makes up one functional unit of the spine?

Answer 26

Two vertebrae, their associated disc, neurovascular and other soft tissues [functional spinal unit = aka vertebral motion segment]

Question 27

Which area of the spine displays some of the greatest motion?

Answer 27

Cervical spine

Question 28

What is the concept of coupled motion, especially as it applies to the spine?

Answer 28

Consistent association of motion along or about one axis, with another motion about or along a second axis. The principle motion cannot be produced without the associated motion occuring as well

Question 29

__________ refers to the relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures, meaning that specific joint assessment requires joint isolation for accurate measurement and evaluation

Answer 29

Linkage

Question 30

Someone with a vitamin C deficiency might be diagnosed with what condition?

Answer 30

Scurvy

Question 31

A patient presenting with blue sclera and a history of multiple fractures might be diagnosed with what condition?

Answer 31

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 32

A patient presenting with collagen dysfunction, joint hypermobility, and stretchy skin might be diagnosed with what condition?

Answer 32

Ehler Danlos syndrome

Question 33

A patient presenting with deafness, kidney dysfunction, and pre-auricular skin tags might be diagnosed with what condition?

Answer 33

Alport syndrome

Question 34

A patient presenting with a copper deficiency resulting in kinky hair, growth failure, and deterioration of nervous system might be diagnosed with what condition?

Answer 34

Menkes disease

Question 35

The ________ score and the ________ criteria are required for the diagnosis of Ehlers Danlos syndrome

Answer 35

Beighton; brighton

Question 36

What are the major Brighton criteria for Ehlers Danlos?

Answer 36

Beighton score of >4 | Arthralgia for >3 months in 4+ joints

Question 37

What are the minor Brighton criteria for Ehlers Danlos?

Answer 37

Beighton score of 1, 2, or 3 Arthralgia in 1-3 joints or back pain Dislocation in 1+ joint on multiple occasions 3+ soft tissue lesions Marfanoid habitus Skin striae, hyperextensibility, thin skin Ocular signs (drooping eyelids, myopia, antimongoloid slant) Varicose veins, hernia, uterine or rectal prolapse Mitral valve prolapse

Question 38

What are the requirements for diagnosis of Ehler Danlos using the Brighton Criteria?

Answer 38

2 major criteria OR - 1 major + 2 minor OR - 4 minor OR - 2 minor and an affected first degree relative

Question 39

What are 3 potential therapies/plans for a patient diagnosed with Ehler Danlos?

Answer 39

Physical therapy for joint stabilization Medications for pain Surgery to repair joints as needed