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Roman Art Final Flashcards

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1
Q
A

Bust of Trajan, from Rome, ca. 110 AD, marble

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2
Q
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The Markets of Trajan in Rome, 100-112 AD, brick faced concrete, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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3
Q
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The Basilica Ulpia in the Forum of Trajan, ca. 113 AD, marble, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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4
Q
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The Column of Trajan, dedicated in 113 AD in the Forum of Trajan, Rome, marble, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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5
Q
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The Triumphal Arch of Trajan at Benevento, ca. 117 AD, marble

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6
Q
A

The city of Timgad in Algeria, founded by Trajan in ca. 110 AD, built of local limestone

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7
Q

Princeps

A

the first in order, the first chief

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8
Q

adlocutio

A

addressing the troops

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9
Q

alimenta

A

donations for needy children

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10
Q

basilica

A

A large room where people meet

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11
Q

castrum (plural castra)

A

buildings or plots of land reserved for or constructed for use as a military defensive position

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12
Q
A

The base of the trajan column where the ashes of Trajan are

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13
Q
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The campaign against Decebalus begins: crossing the Danube; column of Trajan

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14
Q
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The alimenta scene, interior of archway: Trajan distributes food to needy Romans. Arch of Trajan

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15
Q
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Emperor Hadrian (117-­‐138 AD) wearing an oak wreath. From Khania, Crete. Marble.

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16
Q
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Nude statue of Antinous, from Delphi, Greece, marble 130-138 AD

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17
Q
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Hadrianic roundel: boar hunt featuring the emperor. From Rome, ca. 130-­‐38., marble (reused on the arch of constantine)

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18
Q
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Hadrian’s villa at Tivoli (near Rome), built ca. 125 AD (Known as the Canopus, called the canal and Martime Theater)

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19
Q
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The Pantheon, Rome. Rebuilt by Hadrian, ca. 125-128 AD, marble, brick, and concrete

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20
Q
A

The temple of Venus and Rome, marble (opus sectile), brick, concrete, dedicated in 135 AD

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21
Q
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Relief of Venus and two nymphs, from water tank near Hadrian’s Wall (High Rochester, England) ca. 200 AD, local sandstone

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22
Q

Second Sophistic

A

looking back to the 4th and 5th Century BC in Greece; attempt to go back to the ideals of Greece

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23
Q

insula

A

apartment building

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24
Q

Oculus

A

eye, hole in the center

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25
opus sectile
materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern
26
Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, from Rome, ca. 165 AD. Gilded bronze.
27
Portrait of a young man from the Fayum, Egypt. AD 160-­‐170. Encaustic on wood panel.
28
Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina, on the bast of the Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, ca. 161 AD, marble
29
Military review (Decursio) on the base of the Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, ca. 161 AD, marble
30
The Column of Marcus Aurelius, built under Commodus, ca. 180 AD. Rome. Marble
31
The Rain miracle on the Column on Marcus Aurelius
32
The Indian triumph of Bacchus, Sarcophagus, from Rome, ca. 180 AD, marble
33
Marble statue of the goddess Isis, from Rome. ca. 150 AD, marble
34
Bust of Commodus as Hercules, ca. 190 AD, from Rome. Marble.
35
Encaustic
when pigment comes from beeswax
36
Mystery Cult
cult of Isis is an example; in order to become a follower of Isis you go through an initiation process and then you’re in the cult
37
Isis
Isis brings people back to life; if you worship her, the cult of Isis saying she will bring you back to life and eternal afterlife
38
Round portrait (tondo) of Septimius Severus, Julia Domna, Caracalla and Geta. Ca. 199 AD. From the Fayum. Encaustic on wood.
39
Portrait of Caracalla from the temple of Isis at Coptos (Egypt), ca. 211-217 AD. Red Granite.
40
Arch of Septimius Severus, Roman Forum, dedicated in 203 AD. Marble.
41
Arch of the argentarii, in the Forum Boarium, Rome. Dedicated 204 AD. Marble
42
Tetrapylon (four-sided triumphal arch) of Septimius Severus at Leptis Magna (Libya), dedicated 204 AD. Marble.
43
Sarcophagus of Emperor Balbinus and wife, from Rome. 238 AD. Marble.
44
Trebonianus Gallus (ruled 251-253 AD), bronze full-length statue, from Rome.
45
Portrait of a young woman, from Rome, ca. 270s AD. Marble.
46
Spandrel
corner of the arch
47
Neo-platonism
a school of mystical philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century
48
Psychological portraiture
Lets the viewer notice what the portrait is thinking. Emphasize abstract lines in the face and the general shape of head or hair; the brow was often wrinkled as if to indicate anxiety
49
Christ as the Good Shepherd, wall-painting from the Catacombs of Priscilla, Rome, ca. 250 AD.
50
The Tetrarchs from Byzantium/Constantinople, now in Venice. Ca. 300 AD. Porphyry.
51
Bust of a Tetrarch, ca. 300 AD. Porphyry. From Cairo, Egypt.
52
The Basilica of Maxentius, Roman Forum, ca. 306-313 AD. Brick-faced concrete.
53
Diocletian’s Palace at Split (Croatia), ca. 300-305 AD.
54
The arch of Galerius at Thessalonika, ca. 303 AD. Brick-faced concrete and marble. - SW pillar, top, adventus and battle - Adventus is when the emperor comes out and the people celebrate and cheer - You know the emperor is there because he has an eagle over his head - Eagle → Rome/Jupiter - Galerius on a horse trampling a Persian - SW pillar, beneath: enthroned augusti and standing caesares - Four emperors - Elsewhere on the arch; Galerius making libation, Diocletian looks on - Same pillar, below: Persian prisoners and their animals bringing tribute - Trying to buy off the Romans - Instead of drawing in relief they are outlining
55
The Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily (the Great Hunt Mosaic) Ca. 310 AD.
56
The Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily (the ‘Bikini Girls’ mosaic) Ca. 310 AD.
57
Porphyry
a very hard volcanic stone that only comes from Egypt; the color is purple
58
Catacomb
- Place for people to get buried - Needed more space to bury people because people were no longer being cremated - Most of the time people were buried on a busy roadway - Common people get buried here
59
Colossal statue of Constantine from the Basilica of Maxentius, Rome. Ca. 315 AD. Marble.
60
The arch of Constantine in Rome. 315 AD. Marble. - Spolia on the arch of Constantine - Spolia- when you take older material and reuse them in a newer context - Uses spolia because it is a link to the past
61
The Donatio frieze from the Arch of Constantine (Constantine gives money to the people), Rome. Ca. 315 AD. Marble.
62
Constantine’s basilica (audience-hall) at Trier (Germany), ca. 310 AD. Brick with marble facings on the interior - Basilicas are large rectangles with a lot of space inside - They are now starting to have an apse on the opposite side of the entrance - It is now a church but that was not the original purpose - The original purpose was an audience hall to host people - The tetrarchs are becoming more like monarchs - The windows in the apse are smaller and lower in order to make the apse look bigger and bring more attention to the apse - The building does not have a vaulted ceiling because it is mostly window and not wall
63
Apse mosaic in the Mausoleum of Constantia, Rome: Christ gives the keys of Heaven to St. Peter. Ca. 350 AD.
64
The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, ca. 359 AD. Marble. From Rome - Can guess he was a Christian because ever scene comes from the Bible - Is still considered Roman because it is a sarcophagus and the shape is Roman - The person buried spoke Latin - Byzantine people called themselves Roman
65
spolia
When things are taken from previously made structures
66
apse
The semi-circular part of a basilica
67
Edict of Milan
The sign that Constantine saw in his dream which lead him to win the war
68
Flavian Period
69 AD- 96 AD
69
Trajanic Period
98-117 AD
70
Hadrianic Period
117-138 AD
71
Antonine Period
138- 193 AD Antoninus Pius, 138-161; Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 and Lucius Verus, 161-169; Commodus, 180-193
72
Severan Period
193- 235 AD Septimius Severus, 193-211; Caracalla, 211-217; Elagabalus, 218-222; Alexander Severus, 222-235)
73
Period of the Soldier Emperors
235-284 AD
74
The Tetrarchic Period
284-312 AD
75
Constantine Period
312-337 AD

Art History (18 decks)

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