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Classics > Roman Empire > Flashcards

Roman Empire Flashcards

1
Q

When did the building of Rome begin?

A

753 BC

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2
Q

When did Rome become a republic?

A

510 BC

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3
Q

Where did Rome conquer in 130 BC?

A

Greece and most of Spain

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4
Q

When was Jesus born?

A

1 AD

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5
Q

When did the Romans invade Britain?

A

43 AD

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6
Q

When was BOUDICCA’s rebellion?

A

61 AD

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7
Q

When did Romans conquer Northern England?

A

71 AD

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8
Q

When did the Romans being building Hadrian’s Wall?

A

122 AD

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9
Q

Who attacked the Roman Empire in 200AD?

A

Barbarians

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10
Q

between 235-285 AD how many Roman Emperors were killed?

A

OVER 20!

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11
Q

When did Roman rule in Britain end?

A

410 AD

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12
Q

When did Vandals destroy Rome?

A

455 AD

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13
Q

When did the Eastern Empire fall to the Turks?

A

1453 AD

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14
Q

Who established the Roman empire in 27 BC?

A

AUGUSTUS

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15
Q

Who conquered Britain in AD 43?

A

CLAUDIUS

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16
Q

Were the Romans able to conquer Scotland?

A

No! They had to pull back behind Hadrian’s Wall in the 120s.

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17
Q

At its height, the Roman Empire stretched from Portugal to ______ and from Scotland to the ________ desert

A

Persia (modern day Iran)

Sahara Desert

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18
Q

When was the Roman Empire at it hugest?

A

AD 101

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19
Q

At its height, roughy how many inhabitants were in the Roman Empire?

A

Under Emperor Trajan it may have had up to 100 million inhabitants.

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20
Q

What does Pax Romana mean?

A

Peace of Rome

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21
Q

The Pax Romana allowed merchants to trade across all of the known world. Can you name 3 things that were traded?

A

lead mining
watermills
slaves

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22
Q

T or F. Rome was incredibly wealthy as a result of all the free trade in the Roman Empire.

A

True.

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23
Q

When did the Roman Empire collapse?

A

AD 476

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24
Q

King Numitor ruled Alba Longa. He was the descendant of Aeneas. His brother was jealous of him and did what?

A

Drove out his brother the king, and ruled instead, and made the King’s daughter never marry so she wouldn’t have any children.

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25
Q

Who married Rhea Silvia, the daughter of King Numitor, whose brother kicked him out of Alba Longa to take over?

A

Mars, the god of war…

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26
Q

What twin boys were born to Rhea Silvia, who were later to found Rome?

A

Romulus and Remus

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27
Q

How did Amulius, the brother of the banished king Numitor, decide to get rid of the twin babies?

A

He planned to drown them but they were saved by a servant and brought up by a she-wolf

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28
Q

Where did Romulus and Remus’ cradle come to rest i?

A

Near the seven hills of Rome.

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29
Q

What did Romulus and Remus do when they found out about their nasty uncle?

A

Attacked Alba Longa, their uncle was killed in the fighting and they put their Dad back on the throne, and got their Mum out of prison.

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30
Q

How were Romulus and Remus going to decide which hill they should build the new city on?

A

Whoever saw a vulture would have his choice of site.

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31
Q

Which twin brother stamped off angrily with oxen and a plough and cut a furrow around the palatine hill? He told his brother he would kill him if he crossed the line.

A

Romulus

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32
Q

Which brother killed which

A

Romulus killed Remus!

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33
Q

Which brother founded Rome?

A

Romulus

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34
Q

What is the main river in Rome?

A

the Tiber

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35
Q

Rome was a republic until what date?

A

27 BC

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36
Q

What is an absolute ruler?

A

A ruler whose decisions may not be questioned

37
Q

T or F The Emperor was Head of the Senate

A

T

38
Q

T of F the Emperor was the Head of the Army

A

T

39
Q

Who was the head of the Roman Religion, the Priest or the Emperor?

A

The Emperor! Pontifex Maximus

40
Q

Senators were supposed to be elected but they always came from what kind of families?

A

aristocratic ones

41
Q

Provinces were run by a ___________

A

Governor, who was usually a Senator

42
Q

Along the borders of the Empire though, Provinces were not run by a Senator, but by ____________

A

an army general

43
Q

Roughly how many men were in the Roman army?

A

Half a million

44
Q

Who was Emperor when Rome was at its largest?

A

Trajan

45
Q

Why did the Romans often manage to conquer other lands?

A

More money, more resources and a more effective army

46
Q

Who invaded Britain in AD43 with 4 legions and elephants?

A

Claudius

47
Q

Did most British tribal chiefs fight the Romans?

A

No, most surrendered without a fight.

48
Q

What was the Roman name for what we call France today?

A

Gaul

49
Q

Caratacus tried to fight the Romans and what did they do when they captured him?

A

They paraded him in chains through the streets of Rome

50
Q

When did the Romans invade Wales?

A

AD 60

51
Q

How long was Hadrian’s Wall

A

73 miles

52
Q

What language was spoken throughout the Roman Empire that helped to unify all the conquered lands?

A

Latin

53
Q

The Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Vandals and Huns did what

A

Invaded and conquered the Roman empire.

54
Q

T or F Britain was invaded for its wheat crop

A

T

55
Q

Name 3 fruits that Romans brought to Britain

A

Apples
Pears
Grapes

56
Q

Name 4 Vegetables Romans brought to Britain

A

Turnips
Carrots
Cabbages
Peas

57
Q

Name some useful things Romans brought to Britain that help make towns work more efficiently

A 
Architecture
Sanitation
Roads
parks
Aqueducts
Paved streets
Blocks of buildings
Irrigation
Public Heated Baths
Public Notices
Benefits for Poor Citizens
Education
Literature
Latin
Coins
58
Q

within 4 years of invading Britain, the Romans had build over ____ miles of roads.

A

1000

59
Q

Why were good roads useful for Romans in terms of soldiers etc?

A

Transporting food and weapons to soldiers.

60
Q

How did good roads help in times of peace?

A

Important for more trade, so more taxes for the Emperor.

61
Q

How did the Romans build such straight roads? What special instrument did they use?

A

A Groma= a pair of boards fastened together in a cross shape. Then they were lined up with another pole a hundred metres away.

62
Q

What did the Romans dig either side of a new road for drainage?

A

Ditches.

63
Q

What shape of the surface of the roads meant that rainwater ran off into ditches?

A

The roads were shaped into a camber.

64
Q

T or F Trees and bushes were cut back 100m each side of Roman roads to stop ambush

A

T

65
Q

How was a Roman soldier’s facial hair different to a Celt?

A

Romans were always clean shaven. Celts had long moustaches.

66
Q

Why were Roman soldiers’ tunics dyed red?

A

So blood wouldn’t show through

67
Q

How was a Roman soldier’s hair different to a Celt?

A

Roman- short. Dark. Celt: brushed back like a mane. Smeared with sticky lime and water to make it stand up on end, red or fair hair.

68
Q

Who had more weapons, a Roman soldier or a Celt?

A

A Roman Solider: long sword, short sword, shield, javelin, .a Celt only had a sword, and a spear, and a shield

69
Q

Who had socks, Romans or Celts?

A

Romans for cold countries!

70
Q

When was the Pont du Gard aqueduct built in Nimes?

A

1st century AD

71
Q

how many aqueducts served Rome itself?

A

10

72
Q

T of F the water supply reached the upper floors of the houses in Rome.

A

F- it didn’t, so they used to dump dirty water, and waste- straight from the windows into the streets

73
Q

what does duct (ductus) mean from Aqueduct?

A

leading (as in leading water somewhere)

74
Q

How many feet did the Aqueduct drop in every mile?

A
  1. So it was very nearly level, just enough for the water to flow
75
Q

Were there many Aqueducts in Roman Britain?

A

Not so many because water could be found almost anywhere in rivers and wells.

76
Q

What two things did visitors to Roman towns admire?

A

the water supply, and the drains

77
Q

How many Romans were in a Legion?

A

4-6000 legionaires (soldiers) in each legion

78
Q

What resources in Britain attracted the attention of Rome and made it worth invading?

A

Cattle
Gold
Iron
Tin

79
Q

How did Julius Caesar get on with his invasion of Britain in about 55 and 54 BC?

A

He failed and went home.

80
Q

Why did Claudius want a military victory?

A

To impress people back home- Claudius wanted to prestige of having conquered Britain when no other Roman emperor had managed it.

81
Q

Who ruled the locals in the towns once Britain had been conquered and Romanised?

A

The local gentry- who were grateful for having their power and standing preserved. It worked better than trying to get the towns run by outsiders.

82
Q

What are the 2 types of soldiers in the Roman Army?

A

Legionaires

Auxiliaries

83
Q

How long did legionaires serve in the Roman Army?

A

25 YEARS

84
Q

What was an Auxiliary soldier?

A

A non Roman citizen. Paid only 1/3 wage and often a guard, also fought on the front lines.

85
Q

What was a group of 80 men in the Roman Army called? Hint- you might think it should be 100 men called this!

A

A Century

86
Q

What was the man in charge of a century called?

A

A Centurion. Carried a rod to show his importance, and to beat anyone who didnt’ do what he said.

87
Q

What was the Roman weapon called which fired giant catapults of burning tar or rocks?

A

onagers

88
Q

What punishment might you have if you fell asleep on duty?

A

You might be sentenced to death!

89
Q

If you weren’t in battle, what kind of tasks might you have as a Roman solider?

A

Construction of forts, roads, and aqueducts

Classics (2 decks)

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