Romans

Question 1

What did the Roman’s believe caused disease?

Answer 1

• Punishment from the gods
• Swamps / miasma
• Imbalance of 4 humours

Question 2

What are the 4 humours?

Answer 2

• Blood
• Phlegm
• Black Bile
• Yellow Bile

Question 3

What were roman treatments for disease?

Answer 3

• Herbal remedies
• Gods and priests
• Theory of Opposites - re-balance humours.

Question 4

Who developed the Theory of the four Humours?

Answer 4

Hippocrates

Question 5

What did the Romans consider to be a healthy body?

Answer 5

A balanced body

Question 6

How did Hippocrates teach that doctors should treat their patients?

Answer 6

Clinical observation

Question 7

How would the theory of opposites be used to cure a fever?

Answer 7

Blood letting

Question 8

Who was Galen?

Answer 8

An anatomist and doctor who developed Hippocrates’ work.

Question 9

What was Galen’s theory?

Answer 9

Theory of Opposites

Question 10

What did Galen prove about the body?

Answer 10

That the brain controlled the body, not the heart.

Question 11

How were Roman doctors trained?

Answer 11

By reading books by other doctors including Hippocrates and Galen

By acting as an apprentice for experienced doctors

BUT

MEDICAL TRAINING WAS NOT COMPULSORY AND ANYONE COULD CALL THEM SELF A DOCTOR

Question 12

What was the Hippocratic Corpus?

Answer 12

A collection of books written by Hippocrates and other doctors which contained the first detailed list of symptoms and treatments.

Provided a base of understanding used for centuries.

Question 13

What was the benefit of clinical observation?

Answer 13

Notes and observations that doctors made could help diagnose and treat future patients.

Question 14

What did the Hippocratic Oath state?

Answer 14

Doctors will act in the best interest of their patients and do no harm.

Question 15

Who did Galen develop his early medical skills on?

Answer 15

Gladiators

Question 16

How did fresh water arrive in Roman cities?

Answer 16

Aqueducts

Question 17

What happened to sewage in Roman times?

Answer 17

It was carried out and away from the city by sewers.

Question 18

What did Roman sewers depend on to work?4

Why was this a issue?

Answer 18

Rainwater

If it did not rain then the sewage was not carried away

Question 19

What were living conditions like in Roman times?

Answer 19

Clean conditions and clean people

Question 20

What was the Roman opinion on exercise?

Answer 20

Regular exercise was recommended.

Question 21

What was the Roman public health method of keeping the population clean?

Answer 21

Public baths

Question 22

What did going to the Roman public baths entail?

Answer 22

• Hair plucked off body with tweezers
• Massaged with oil and scraped off with strigil - removing dirt and sweat
• Steam room + large warm pool
• Ice cold plunge pool

Question 23

Name 5 ways that Romans had good public health.

Answer 23

• Reservoirs + aqueducts
• Public Toilets
• Public Baths
• Public water fountains
• Sewers

Question 24

How many people could a Roman public toilet seat?

Answer 24

20

Question 25

How many people could visit a Roman bath in a week?

Answer 25

5000

Question 26

Why were baths good for public health?

Answer 26

Kept people clean and hygienic

Question 27

Why were sewers good for public health?

Answer 27

Helped prevent the spread of disease.

Question 28

What did public toilets prevent?

Answer 28

People from urinating in the streets.

Question 29

Who was Ascelpius?

Answer 29

The Roman god of healing.

Question 30

What were hospitals like in Roman times?

Answer 30

• Clean
• Piped water
• Sewage systems
• Food + water

Question 31

Who were the only people allowed to use Roman hospitals?

Answer 31

Soldiers

Question 32

Why was good public health important for Romans?

Answer 32

To keep their army strong and healthy.

Question 33

Why did Galen have to do his dissection on animals?

Answer 33

Human dissection was banned as human bodies were seen as the creation of the Gods and needed to be whole for the afterlife.

Question 34

Why did Galen make mistakes with his anatomy?

Answer 34

Because he dissected animals, not humans and assumed their anatomy was the same.

Question 35

What mistakes did Galen make?

Answer 35

He said the jawbone was made up of two bones.

He said that blood was produced by the liver and the heart and used up at the end of veins and arteries

He said that there was a place in the body for the soul