Rome

Question 1

major points in early roman history

Answer 1

• Fall of Troy: Aeneas -> Italy
• Foundation of Alba Longa
• Foundation of Rome (753 BC)
• Expulsion of the tarquins (509/508 BC)

Question 2

Romulus vs Remus

Answer 2

• Remus jumped over Romulus’s walls which enraged him so he killed him
• Romulus said that “no one can come over my walls”

Question 3

Lucretia, Brutus, and the Expulsion of the Kings

Answer 3

• the overthrow of the Roman monarch and the establishment of the Roman Republic
• Lucretia was raped by the last roman king
• She committed suicide and her husband/other noblemen led a rebellion
• Brutus used his speaking skills to get the citizens/army on his side

Question 4

two baddest words in Latin

Answer 4

tyrannus and rex

Question 5

Major Governing Elements

Answer 5

• 2 Consuls: elected yearly, terms can be repeated, chief exec. Officers, commanders-in-chief of armies, can veto the other
• Assemblies: open to all citizens, legislative branch, passed laws suggested by officials; elected government officials and consuls, declared war and peace
• Senate: lifetime term, appointed by consuls. In charge of all finances; approved/vetoed laws passed by the Assembly; in charge of foreign policy and diplomacy

Question 6

Roman Social class (top to bottom)

Answer 6

• patricians (ruling class): wealthy landowners, senators, judges
• Plebeians: not as wealthy, foot soldiers, cant run for office
• Freemen: freed slaves, some bought freedom
• non-citizens
• slaves: usually prisoners of war, foreigners, or sold by family

Question 7

The Punic Wars and Hannibal

Answer 7

• conflicts between Rome and Carthage
• Hannibal led an invasion of Italy and nearly conquered Rome
• Punic wars led to ORman dominance in the Mediterranean

Question 8

3 Effects of Roman Imperialism

Answer 8

• importation of greek culture
• The problem of latifundia (huge aristocratic land holdings)
• Increasingly harder to use “small republican government” to maintain massive amounts of controlled land

Question 9

The Gracchiand Economic reform

Answer 9

• Limit amount of land that can be owned
• Pass laws to help alleviate burden on poor
• Both assassinated

Question 10

The ‘Genius’ of Marius

Answer 10

• Popularis
• Reform of the Military
• Issue: Not enough men!
• Solution: Recruit the Poor and give them stuff!

Question 11

problems with general loyalty

Answer 11

• men became more loyal to their generals than Rome itself bc generals game people land when they conquered

Question 12

Julius Caesar vs Pompey Magnus

Answer 12

• civil war with senators choosing sides
• Caesar wins and becomes dictator for life
• dictator was supposed to be an emergency position but he made it permanent

Question 13

The unending civil strife

Answer 13

• Mark Anthony (JCs right hand man) vs Octavian (JCs nephew/heir)
• MA promises Cleopatra’s children territory in Rome (big no no)
• Octavian fight and beats Egypt (battle of actium)

Question 14

Octavian after unending civil strife

Answer 14

• changes his name to Agustus
• first Roman emporer, dies in power
• restored republics proper moral virtues
• allowed other to be consul and keeps senate which he advised

Question 15

Guide for becoming and staying emporer

Answer 15

• deny that you are emporer
• keep empire running smoothly
• keep borders secure
• keep people happy and control narrative