root canal access

Question 1

variability of root canal system

Answer 1

1) lateral, accessory, secondary
2) bi or trifurcation
3( fusions
4) transversal anastomoses
5) apical delta
6) isthmus
7) fins

Question 2

root canal classifications

Answer 2

1) weines or vetucci

Question 3

lateral incisor

Answer 3

1) small pulp chamber
2) one canal almost 100%
3) 53% has a curvature

Question 4

maxillary centrals

Answer 4

1) two pulp horns
2) lingual shoulder
3) one canal almost 100%
4) multiple canals is unusual

Question 5

maxillary canine

Answer 5

1) in the middle third, root canal presents a buccopalatal enlargement
1) almost 100% one canal
3) foramen is near apex or laterally deported when apical curvature is present

Question 6

max first premolar

Answer 6

1) flattened MD direction with pulp horns on B and P sides
2) one canal 26%
3) two canal 69%
4) 3 canals 5%

Question 7

max second premolar

Answer 7

1) one canal 75%
2) two canal 24%
3) three canal 1%
4) flattened MD pulp chamber

Question 8

palatal root

Answer 8

1) most massice and longest one
2) buccal apical curvature
3) in general, one canal

Question 9

disto buccal root

Answer 9

1) straight, usually only one canal

Question 10

mesiobuccal root

Answer 10

1) second canal up to 95%
2) ty

Question 11

maxillary second molar

Answer 11

1) less wide, roots are closer
2) MB 2 prevalence 60%
3) root fusion can occur in buccal roots, with 3 and 2 canals are present
4) rare, the fusion may concern three roots
5) the fusion can be incomplete, leading to a c shaped canal

Question 12

mesiobuccal root, how to locate it (2 roots)

Answer 12

1) modify the access cavity, a rhombiodal form
2) 1-2 mm from the palatal orifice, sometimes it is medially under the marginally ridge
3) the negotiation of MB2 is difficult

Question 13

mandibular incisors

Answer 13

1) one flat canal in MD direction 60%
2) 45% 2 canals
3) type II most of the time

Question 14

mand canine

Answer 14

1) one canal with ovoid shape
2) rare 2 canals 3-6%

Question 15

acess cavity

Answer 15

1) oval for incisors to canine

Question 16

mand incisors 2 canals, how to find it

Answer 16

1) radiograph

Question 17

mandibular first premolar

Answer 17

1) one canal 74-76%
2) 2 canals 25%

Question 18

mand second premolar

Answer 18

1) 98% one canal
2) two canals 2.5%
3) three canals 0.4%

Question 19

mand first molar

Answer 19

1) 2 roots, one meisal and dstal
2) large in BL direction and thin in MD direction

Question 20

mesial root

Answer 20

1) 2 canals 93.3%
2) canals join 40%

Question 21

distal root

Answer 21

1) one canal 71%
2) two canals in 28%
3) canals join 85%

Question 22

radix

Answer 22

1) extra root
2) if lingual, radix entomolaris 3-4%
3) if buccal, paramolaris 0.5%

Question 23

mandibular second molar

Answer 23

1) single canal is 1.7%
2) most likely 2 roots, mesial and distal
3( 2 canals in mesial 92%
4) 1 canal is distal 85%

Question 24

law of cenrality

Answer 24

1) floor of pulp chamber is always in the center of the toot hat the level of the CEJ

Question 25

law of concentricity

Answer 25

1) walls of pulp cmaber are concentric to external surface of the toot hat the CEJ

Question 26

law of CEJ

Answer 26

1) distance from extensal surface of the clinical crown to the wall of the pulp chamber is the same throughout

Question 27

law of symmetry

Answer 27

1) orifices of the canal are equidistant from a line drawn in the MD direction through the pulp chamber 2) orifices line on a line perpendicular to the line drawn in MD direction t

Question 28

laws of color change

Answer 28

1) pulp chamber is darker compared to dentin walls

Question 29

lae of orifice location

Answer 29

1) alwaYs at the jnction between walls and floor

Question 30

access cavity guide

Answer 30

1) remove all careis 2) unroof pulp chamber 3) remove pulp 4) preserve pulp floor 5) achieve straight or direct line access to apical 1/3 or to inital curvature

Question 31

refer to bitwing

Answer 31

1) evaluate size of pulp chamaber 1) identify pulp stones

Question 32

unroofing

Answer 32

1) carbide or diamond burs 2) catch the lip of the chamber roof and brush bur coronally 3) safety tip burs