Root Systems 2/4

Question 1

What is the difference between taproots and fibrous

Answer 1

Taproots found in dicots and gymnosperms
(Two cotolyen) DEEP ROOTS
Fibrous found in vascular plants and most monocots
(One cotolyne)
Nearly equal in size and come from a central point NOT DEEP

Question 2

Describe the structure and function of different components of roots

Answer 2

The root cap protects the root apical meristems and helps penetrate the soil

Question 3

What is the process of cell development?

Answer 3

Quiescent center- spherical center(dome of cells)
Mitosis initial cells and derivative cells- derivative cells are booted out

Question 4

What are the 4 root zones and process of maturation?

Answer 4

Zone of cell division
Apical meristems, mitosis happens, 3 primary meristems
Zone of elongation
No mitosis, elongating
Zone of maturation
Cells start to differentiate and epidermal cells form root hairs
Above the zone of maturation
Lateral roots mature

Question 5

What are the roles of pericycle and endodermis

Answer 5

Pericycle is thin layer of cells surrounding steel that acts as meristematic source of lateral roots
Endodermis surrounds pericycle
Casparian strip
Gate keeper that regulates flow of nutrients through plasma membranes rather than allowing for flow through or between cells

Question 6

What are mycorrhizae and how are they beneficial?

Answer 6

They are fungi that attach to the plant or in some way benefit from the plant and help the plant. They help them increase intake of water and nutrients. The roots gain sugar

Question 7

How does stem growth differ from root growth?

Answer 7

Stems grow vertically and horizontally during second growth and branch off
They also have leaves and nodes

Question 8

What are the basic types of vascular tissue in stems?

Answer 8

Siphonostele
In most seedless vascular plants
Continuous vascular tissue that surrounds the core of ground tissue
Eustele
Found in angiosperm vascular plants
Vascular bundles separate strands of xylem and pholem