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EOR - Women's Health > Rosh Material #1 > Flashcards

Rosh Material #1 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

usual age for menarch

A

11-15

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2
Q

work up amenorrhea if it has not occured by:
_ age if secondary sexual charcteristics present
_ age if no secondary sexual characteristics present

A

no secondary characteristics: 13 yo
secondary characteristics present: 15 yo

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3
Q

mc cause of primary amenorrhea

A

gonadal dysgenesis

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4
Q

name 4 tocolytics

A

Mg sulfate
indomethacin
terbutaline
nifedipine

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5
Q

endometrial stripe measurements in relation to hyperplasia in postmenopausal women

A

</= 4 mm -> low likelihood
>4 mm -> high likelihood

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6
Q

endometrial stripe in relation to hyperplasia in premenopausal women

A

< 5 mm -> exclude hyperplasia

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7
Q

stages of uterine prolapse

A

1: upper 1/2 of vagina, > 1 cm from introitus
2: nearly to opening -> >/= 1 cm from introitus
3: outside vagina -> < 1 cm
4: outside vagina -> >/= 1 cm

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8
Q

what med is used to induce labor

what is mc s.e

A

oxytocin
s.e: tachysystole

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9
Q

which level of cervical dilation is considered active labor

A

> /= 6 cm

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10
Q

sx of end organ damage with preeclampsia

A

CNS: photopsia, scotomata, HA
hepatic: severe RUQ pain, thrombocytopenia, pulmonary edema
renal: SCr > 1.1

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11
Q

new onset HTN < 20 weeks gestation should make you think

A

molar pregnancy

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12
Q

contraindication for labetalol for gestational HTN

A

asthma

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13
Q

IV meds used to acutely lower BP in pregnant pt

A

labetalol
hydralazine

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14
Q

with FHR monitoring, what does “variable deceleration” make you think of

A

umbilical cord compression

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15
Q

ovarian torsion is mc on which side

A

right

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16
Q

tx for breast abscess

A
  1. abx, continue bf’ing, needle aspiration
  2. surgical drainage if needle aspiration is unsuccessful
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17
Q

FIGO classification of abnormal uterine bleeding

A

PALM: polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma (submucosal vs other), malignancy/hyperplasia

COINE: coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfxn, iatrogenic, not yet classified, endometrial

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18
Q

FIGO staging of fibroids

A

SM (submucosal): pedunculated intracavitary
other: intramural, subserosal, cervical

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19
Q

contraindications for bf’ing

A

galactosemia
HIV/antiretroviral drugs
active TB
HTLV 1 or 2
active illicit drug use
active chemotherapy/xrt

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20
Q

what type of birth control is contraindicated in the first 6 weeks postpartum

A

combined OCP -> due to increased risk of VTE

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21
Q

t/f: progestin only contraceptives can be used immediately following birth

A

t!

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22
Q

lyte abnormalities assocaited w. hyperemesis gravidarum

A

hypochloremia -> metabolic alkalosis
hypokalemia

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23
Q

tx for hyperemesis gravidum

A

IVF w. 5% dex
antiemetics

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24
Q

what does this make you think of

A

giant multinucleated cells -> trichomoniasis

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25
hCG concentration normally doubles every _ during the first 30 days of prenancy
29-53 hr (2 days)
26
hCG levels that rise slower than expected make you think (2)
ectopic embryonic death
27
hCG levels decline after _ weeks gestation and plateau _ weeks gestation
decline: 8-10 weeks plateau: 20 weeks
28
hCG levels should remain constant at _ from 20 weeks gestation til term
2,000-50,000
29
hCG level used as discriminatory zone for when gestational sac should be visualized on transvaginal US
2,000
30
macrosomia is defined as infant weight >
4,500 g
31
what does a long, thin, malnourished newborn make you think of
restricted intrauterine growth
32
physical characteristics of macrosomic infant
-meconium staining -decreased/absent vernix caseosa and lanugo hair -dry/parchment-like peeling skin -loose skin over thighs/buttocks -increased scalp hair -long nails -alert/wide eyed appearance
33
mc symptom of menopause
hot flashes
34
1st line tx for infertility in PCOS
ovulation inducing agents: clomiphene letrozole
35
indications for leuprolide in pt struggling w. infertility
endometriosis fibroids
36
common s.e of clomphene citrate
hot flashes abd distension/pain n/v breast discomfort
37
tubo ovarian abscess is mc a complication of
PID
38
gs tx for PID
inpt: cefoxitin PLUS doxy outpt: add metro
39
indications for abx alone for tubo-ovarian abscess
-hemodynamically stable -abscess < 7 cm -premenopausal -abscess > 7 cm who meet all the above criteria
40
sx of ruptured/leaking tubo-ovarian abscess
acute abdomen: involuntary guarding rebound tenderness +/- hemodynamic instability
41
management of premature labor < 34 weeks
ampicillin (until GBS culture comes back) betamethasone Mg sulfate
42
management of premature labor >/= 34 weeks
no meds expectant management
43
degrees of perineal lacerations
1st: **perineal** skin only 2nd: **perineal body and deeper tissues** 3rd: extends into **rectal sphincter** 4th: into **rectal mucosa**
44
mc type of gonadal dysgenesis
turner syndrome (45, XO)
45
what do you think when you see: short stature, low set ears, low hairline, high arched palate, webbed neck, widely spaced nipples
turner syndrome
46
mc cause of infertility
PCOS
47
anatomic landmark used to measure fetal station
ischial spine
48
ground glass echogenicity chocolate syrup material
endometrioma
49
hypoechoic complex and heterogenous
corpus luteal cyst
50
heterogenous w. dots, fluid, acoustic shadowing
dermoid cyst
51
smooth, thin walled completely fluid filled -> no internal echoes
follicular cyst
52
what cyst occurs from overstimulation of hCG and occurs during molar pregnancy, multiple gestation, or clomiphene therapy
theca lutein
53
mc type of breech
frank -> hips flexed, kneex extended
54
flagellated protozoa moving in corkscrew motions
trichomoniasis
55
punctuate macular hemorrhages on cervix
trichomoniasis
56
epithelial cells w. stippled borders
BV
57
APGAR scoring system
58
indications for workup for infertility (2)
< 35 yo w. 12 mo of infertility >/= 35 yo w. 6 mo of infertility
59
male evaluation of infertility
semen analysis
60
imaging options to work up female infertility
US **hysterosalpingogram -> 1st line** hysteroscopy endometrial bx exploratory laparoscopy
61
mc type of breast ca
invasive ductal (IDC)
62
when is an infant considered full term
39 weeks
63
management of pregnancy if RhD incompatability is suspected due to parental genetics
1. measure maternal anti-D titers until critical titer levels are reached 2. doppler velocimetry of MCA of the fetus 3. if fetal anemia is found -> cordocentesis to determine need for transfusion
64
1st line pharm for fibrocystic breast changes that have not responded to OTC/supportive care
tamoxifen
65
management of endometrial hyperplasia w. atypia
-considering pregnancy -> progestin (megestrol acetate) -no plans for pregnancy/refractory/declines intervention -> hysterectomy
66
management of hyperplasia w.o atypia
progestin (megestrol acetate)
67
mc sx of fibroids
heavy menses
68
string of pearls sign
PCOS
69
normal NST finding
110-160 w. moderate variability
70
only factor significantly associated w. recurrant breast abscesses
cigs
71
t/f: bleeding w. placental abruption can be internal or external
t!
72
daily micronutrient recs for pregnant women
iron: 27 mg Ca: 1,000 mg vit D: 600 IU folate: 600 mcg idodine: 220 mcg
73
UTI tx in pregnant women
fosfomycin augmentin cefpodoxime
74
single most common identifiable rf for PPROM
gardnerella vaginalis infxn
75
the spectrum of complications where the placenta invades the myometrium
placenta accreta
76
spectrum of placenta accreta from least to most severe
placenta accreta placenta increta placenta percreta
77
black box warning for tamoxifen
increased risk for uterine malignancies and thromboembolic events
78
leading cause of cancer related deaths in women
lung
79
structures that can be visualized on US in 1st trimester of pregnancy
cardiac activity: 5 weeks gestational sac: 5 weeks yolk sac: 5.5 weeks embryo/fetus: 6 weeks
80
postpartum women should wait a minimum of _ weeks before returning to sexual activity
2
81
mc cause of spontaneous abortion
fetal chromosomal abnormalities
82
well demarcated, slightly raised, erythematous vulvar lesion w. an eczematoid appearance +/- small dotted pale islands
paget dz of the vulva
83
tx for paget dz of the vulva
1. topical eczema therapy x 6 weeks 2. if not resolved -> bx 3. if paget -> wide local excision vs vulvectomy
84
rf for umbilical cord prolapse
hx of malpresentation PROM
85
when must sx occur for dx of pmdd
luteal phase
86
when are fetal quickenings (movements) mc first felt
18-20 weeks
87
what gestational age does ectopic pregnancy mc occur
6-8 weeks
88
benefits of colostrum
immunity: immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, leukocytes, macrophages -higher protein content than mature milk
89
types of leiomyomas with pics
90
name 2 GnRH agonists
leuprolide goserelin
91
32 yo F 37 weeks gestation presents w. T 102.1, HR 115 - has fluid leaking from cervical os x 2 days - US shows baseline fetal tachy what is her dx and what do you give her
chorioamnionitis ampicillin PLUS gentamicin
92
2 mc rf for chorioamniocentesis
prolonged labor prolonged rupture of membranes
93
3 causes of infxn for chorioamniocentesis
STI GBS BV
94
4 causes of fetal tachy
fetal movement maternal factors fetal factors placental abruption
95
maternal factors that cause fetal tachy (6)
anemia hyperthyroidism hpoxia dehydration fever/sepsis anxiety
96
lower than normal volume of amniotic fluid
oligohydraminos
97
mc cause of oligohydraminos
rupture of membrnes
98
dx criteria for oligohydraminos
amniotic fluid index
99
2 maternal conditions associated w. oligohydraminos
preeclampsia/chronic HTN nephropathy
100
2 complications of endometritis that you should think of when endometritis is unresponsive to abx
ovarian vein thrombophlebitis deep spontaneous pelvic thrombophlebitis
101
what PE finding makes you think of spontaneous pelvic thrombophlebitis
palpable cord like mass
102
mc cause of AUB in adolescent women
immature hypothalamic-pituitary axis

EOR - Women's Health (15 decks)

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