Round #4 Flashcards
(46 cards)
1) Earth and Space – Short Answer Discovered in the early 1600s, the four
Galilean [gal-ih-LAY-en] moons orbit what planet?
ANSWER: JUPITER
1) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following types of stars is expected to last
for the longest time in its current stage of stellar evolution?
W) Red giant
X) Blue supergiant
Y) Yellow dwarf
Z) Red dwarf
ANSWER: Z) RED DWARF
2) Life Science – Multiple Choice In humans, olfactory receptors are primarily located in
which of the following locations?
W) Mouth
X) Lungs
Y) Nose
Z) Ears
ANSWER: Y) NOSE
2) Life Science – Short Answer What is the term for the process by which bacteria divide into
two cells?
ANSWER: BINARY FISSION
3) Physical Science – Short Answer What is the chemical symbol for the element chlorine?
ANSWER: Cl
3) Physical Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following four quantities that are
conserved during the electrolysis of water: 1) Moles of reagents [ree-AY-jents]; 2) Mass;
3) Energy; 4) Entropy
ANSWER: 2, 3
4) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Lab used energetic X-rays
to punch electrons out of water molecules. The water goes through a phase transition from liquid
to an electrically charged gas, also known as what?
ANSWER: PLASMA
4) Energy – Short Answer Geochemists at Pacific Northwest National Lab are studying the
mixing between groundwater and river water. This phenomenon can only occur when what
specific level, the upper surface of the zone of saturation, is at the surface of a river bed?
ANSWER: WATER TABLE
5) Math – Short Answer What is the greatest integer less than or equal to the log
base 5 of 1234?
ANSWER: 4
5) Math – Short Answer Solve the following equation for x: x2 + 6x – 216 = 0
ANSWER: –18, 12 (must give both answers)
6) Earth and Space – Short Answer Chalcopyrite [kalka-PIE-rite] is the primary ore of what
element commonly used to produce wire?
ANSWER: COPPER
6) Earth and Space – Short Answer Identify all of the following three rock types that typically
contain clay minerals: 1) Igneous; 2) Metamorphic; 3) Sedimentary
ANSWER: 3
7) Life Science – Short Answer What hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in
response to increased levels of blood sugar?
ANSWER: INSULIN
7) Life Science – Short Answer In a plant’s root tip, what type of cell division would one
expect to be nearly constantly occurring?
ANSWER: MITOSIS
8) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Argonne National Lab are building 3D structures of
proteins associated with infectious diseases. What technique do they use with the Advanced
Photon Source to determine these crystal structures?
ANSWER: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
8) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying the structure of
the replisome [REH-plih-sohm] within the cell’s nucleus. The replisome forms in order to
synthesize what molecule?
ANSWER: DNA
9) Earth and Space – Short Answer What is the name for the spherical region around a black
hole past which no information can be transmitted to an outside observer?
ANSWER: EVENT HORIZON (ACCEPT: SCHWARZSCHILD RADIUS)
9) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice In which of the following parts of the Milky Way is the
solar system located?
W) Core
X) Spiral arm
Y) Between spiral arms
Z) Galactic halo
ANSWER: X) SPIRAL ARM
10) Physical Science – Short Answer What is the term for an object’s tendency to resist
changes in its motion?
ANSWER: INERTIA
10) Physical Science – Multiple Choice A recipe calls for 5 cups of flour. A baker measures
and adds a quantity of flour to a mixing bowl 5 times. Afterward, the quantity of flour in the
bowl is measured and determined to be 5 cups. If the same thing happens on repeated attempts to
make the recipe, which of the following is a correct description of the baker’s measurements?
W) Neither accurate nor precise
X) Accurate, but not precise
Y) Precise, but not accurate
Z) Both accurate and precise
ANSWER: Z) BOTH ACCURATE AND PRECISE
11) Math – Short Answer Simplify the following expression: 10 – 2 times 3
ANSWER: 4
11) Math – Short Answer Mary decorates cookies at a rate of 20 per hour and John decorates
them at a rate of 15 per hour. If John has a two-hour head start and they both then work
continuously, after how many hours from the time she starts will Mary have decorated the same
number of cookies as John?
ANSWER: 6
12) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Fermi National Accelerator Lab have been
developing a next-generation lens to replace octupole magnets that are used to focus proton
beams in particle accelerators. These magnets are a circular arrangement of how many magnets?
ANSWER: EIGHT
12) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Idaho National Lab have developed a new method to
refine biodiesel. The solvent in this method is composed of a high-pressure phase of what
molecule in which carbon is in its +4 oxidation state?
ANSWER: CARBON DIOXIDE (ACCEPT: CO2)
