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BDS2 CLINICAL Prosthodontics > RPD DESIGN - CONNECTORS > Flashcards

RPD DESIGN - CONNECTORS Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a connector

A

Term used to describe the rigid part of a partial denture that units other components

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2
Q

What is a minor connector

A

Minor connectors join components such as rests to the major connector

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3
Q

What do minor connectors transfer

A

They transfer functional stresses to and from the abutment teeth

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4
Q

What should a minor connector be

A

Rigid
Finish above (towards occlusal surface) the survey line on teeth
Cross the gingival margin at right angles
Cover as little gingival tissue as possible

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5
Q

Why should a minor connector cross the GM at right angles

A

to maintain gingival health

if it comes in at acute angles you will create a space that food can pack into and irritate the gingiva

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6
Q

What are modifications made to minor connector based on

A

The fact that we don’t want lots of windows that are present because we were trying to cover as little gingival tissue as possible , these can be uncomfortable for the patient

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7
Q

What is a major connector

A

That part of the denture that connects components on one side of the arch to components arch to components on one side of the arch to components on the other side of the arch

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8
Q

What are the guidelines for major connectors

A

Be rigid (no modifications to this rule)
Avoid covering gingival margins
Be comfortable, with as few edges as possible
Cover as little tissues as is consistent with rigidity

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9
Q

When we say for the major connector to cover as little tissue as is consistent with rigidity, what is the exception to this

A

craddock class 3

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10
Q

What are modifications made to the major connector due to

A 
Base distribution 
Need for tissue support
Need for indirect retention
Anatomical limitations
Prognosis of the dentition 
Previous denture influence
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11
Q

What is a plate connector

A

made thinner in cross section

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12
Q

What are plates good options for

A

They are the option for mucosa support dentures

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13
Q

What is the disadvantage of the plate design

A

may cover gingival margins

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14
Q

How do plates maintain rigidity

A

depending on the coverage and shape of the mucosa areas, the plate may require to be thicker in cross section

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15
Q

If a plate is made thinner, what needs to be done to it

A

wider - wider spread on the mucosa

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16
Q

What is a bar

A

Must be made suitably thick in cross section to maintain rigidity

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17
Q

What is a bar a common choice for

A

craddock class 1

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18
Q

Why is a bar the default choice for the mandibular arch

A

less space

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19
Q

What is the advantage of a bar connector

A

less mucosal coverage

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20
Q

What are the maxillary connectors

A 
Anterior palatal strap 
Mid palatal strap 
Posterior palatal strap 
Anterior posterior ring
Horseshoe 
Full palatal coverage
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21
Q

What is an anterior plate good for

A

if you are avoiding a large torus

may provide indirect retention

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22
Q

What is the disadvantage of an anterior plate

A

lacks rigidity

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23
Q

What is the advantage of a mid palatal strap

A

leaves most gingival margin uncovered

incisive papillae is left uncovered so it is very well tolerated by patients

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24
Q

What is a posterior palatal bar

A

set to the anterior border of vibrating line

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25
What is the advantage of the posterior palatal bar
Greater part of palate left uncovered
26
What is the disadvantage of the posterior palatal bar
Not well tolerated if patient has an easily triggered gag reflex
27
What is the anterior posterior ring design
bar
28
What is the advantage of the ring design
Window allows for sensation but also a plaque trap Indicated where there is torus Good rigidity for low bulk
29
What is the disadvantage of the ring design
Many edges for tongue to explore | Greater cross sectional thickness
30
What is the advantage of the full palatal plate
Can equally distribute forces between teeth and mucosa as it covers large areas
31
What is the disadvantage of the full palatal plate
It is possible to leave gingival margins of majority of teeth uncovered although this may act as a potential food trap covers all the mucosa
32
What is the horseshoe design
plate or bar
33
What is the advantage of the horseshoe
A lot of palate uncovered
34
What is the disadvantage of the horseshoe
Always preferable to keep incisive papilla uncovered if possible Incisive papilla covered in this design
35
What are the mandibular connectors
``` lingual bar lingual plate dental bar sublingual bar labial bar ```
36
When is a labial bar used
○ Used when the lower anterior teeth are lingually inclined and therefore preventing a lingual bar
37
What is a lingual bar
w Ideal choice for mandible
38
What is the advantage of a lingual bar
Well tolerated | Less of a plaque trap
39
What is the disadvantage of the lingual bar
Cannot be used when there is inadequate space (lingual recession) or prominent lingual frenulum
40
What is the space required for a lingual bar
○ 3mm clear of GM ○ 4mm for lingual bar 1mm above the raised functional depth of the floor of the mouth
41
What are the advantages of a lingual plate
well tolerated, presenting a smooth surface to the tongue, and is largely self cleansing on the lingual surface rests on teeth so acts as an indirect retainer on free end saddles
42
How does a lingual plate act as an indirect retainer in free end saddles
○ Engages the mesial embrasure of abutment teeth so can't move backwards
43
What is the disadvantage of a lingual plate
GM covered - loss of natural friction and stagnation Oral hygiene must be meticulous Can act as a gum stripper
44
What is the dental bar
Like a shortened lingual plate | Used when there is insufficient room between GM and floor of the mouth
45
What is the advantages of a dental bar
Lies on the teeth to avoid gingival damage
46
What is the disadvantages of a dental bar
w Difficult to ensure it is rigid w Due to the reduced height available on lingual sides of the teeth, the bar must be considerably thicker than a plate and therefore bulkier w Added bulk allows for debris to collect and some patients do not tolerate it well due to where the tip of the tongue sits in rest and in speech
47
What is a sublingual bar
Superior border should be 3mm from the GM and the inferior border located at the height of the alveolar sulcus when the patient's tongue is slightly elevated, allowing for function
48
What is the disadvantage of a sublingual bar
Very good functional impression is required
49
Which mandibular connectors do not provide bracing
sub lingual and lingual bar
50
What mandibular connectors do not provide indirect retention
sub lingual bar lingual bar labial bar
51
Which mandibular connectors do not have good rigidity
lingual bar dental bar labial bar
52
Which mandibular connector is worst for hygiene
lingual plate
53
Which mandibular connectors are worst tolerated
dental bar and labial bar
54
What are different design systems seen for acrylic
spoon modified spoon every
55
What is the advantage of the spoon acrylic design
§ Keeps GM clear
56
What is the disadvantage of the spoon design
§ Inhalation risk | Ingestion risk
57
What is the advantage of the modified spoon design
More stable | Can use frictional contact between connector and palatal surfaces of teeth
58
What is the every design
All connector borders 3mm away from GM Open design of saddle/tooth junction employed Point contacts between the artificial teeth and abutment teeth are established Posterior wire stops are included Flanges are included
59
Why are point contacts between artificial teeth and abutment teeth in the every design established
to reduce lateral stress to a minimum
60
Why are there posterior wire stops in the every design
to prevent distal drift of the posterior teeth with consequence opening of the contact point. These 'stops' can also contribute to retention of the RPD posteriorly
61
What is the function of flanges i the every design
to assist the bracing of the denture
62
Why does an acrylic denture have to be bulky
weak material | causes issues with tolerance
63
Why is beading (pin dam) done
useful to facilitate an intimate contact between the denture and the tissue that will prevent food ingression
64
What does a closed design mean (gingival coverage)
means that there is more contact, greater retention, guide planes, possible increased irritation to gingival tissues
65
What does an open design mean (no gingival coverage)
such as an every design means there is no gingival coverage, greater clearance and possible reduced irritation to gingival tissues
66
What is mechanical retention in saddles used for
to retain the acrylic flange and teeth to the metal base
67
Why is a stop required in edentulous areas
check the fit and ensure the denture does not rotate
68
When are posts used for tooth position
insufficient space for a retention mesh
69
Why are incisors often set with a space
o avoid pressure on the artificial toot
70
When the occlusion is such that there is limited space between the incisor teeth, what can be done
a metal backing can be incorporated to provide an occlusal contact, therefore prevent pressure on the upper artificial tooth from de-bonding from the denture base
71
What are the dimensions for a rest
0.5-1mm at junction with minor connector
72
What are the dimensions for a lingual bar
4mm (height), 2mm thick, oval or pear shaped
73
What are the dimensions for a sublingual bar
4mm, 'kidney shaped'
74
What are the dimensions of a maxillary connector
5mm clearance from GM
75
What are the dimensions of a bead line
0.5mm deep to 1mm wide
76
What are the dimensions for minor connectors
2mm wide, 1.5mm thick
77
What are the dimensions for a clasp
15mm long, engages 0.25mm undercut

BDS2 CLINICAL Prosthodontics (16 decks)

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