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Environmental Optometry > RR: Computer Vision Syndrome > Flashcards

RR: Computer Vision Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ocular findings related to computer vision syndrome?

A
  1. Eyestrain/Eye Fatigue
  2. Burning Sensations/Irritation
  3. Redness/Dry eyes
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2
Q

What % of US workers using a computer over 3hrs/day experience CVS (computer vision syndrome)?

A

90%

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3
Q

What are the non-ocular (ergonomic) symptoms associated with CVS?

A
  1. Headache
  2. Pain in shoulders/wrist
  3. Pain in Neck
  4. Pain in back
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4
Q

What are the 3 pathophysical causes of CVS?

A
  1. Ocular surface mechanisms
  2. Accommodative mechanisms
  3. Extraocular mechanisms
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5
Q

Prolonged computer (VDT) use causes what 3 accommodative/covergence findings?

A
  1. Less power of accommodation
  2. Removal of NPC
  3. Deviation of phoria for near vision
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6
Q

Patients below the age of 40 who use VDTs lost _____ (more/less) accommodation amps than those who did not.

A

Lost more accommodation

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7
Q

Gur and Ron found a high prevalence of what 3 things a the end of the day, 4 days later?

A
  1. exophoria
  2. Convergence insuffiency
  3. Low fusional convergence
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8
Q

What type of shift do VDTs cause? How much?

A

myopia, 0.12D

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9
Q

Blink rate is decreased further in a dark setting. What % is it reduced?

A

60%

- more in post-menopausal women

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10
Q

What’s the normal blink rate?

A

10-15x a minute

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11
Q

T/F: Upper and lower case documents are easier to read than all uppercase.

A

True

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12
Q

What was used to help schoolchildren with myopia that report visual changes after 30 mins of computer usage.

A

Screen filters

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13
Q

Extemely low refresh rates (flicker) can cause what?

A

epileptic seizures

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14
Q

Lower refresh rates means _____ is weaker and blink rates were _____.

A
  • accommodation was weaker

- blink rates were lower

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15
Q

What type of lamp is best used to decrease visual asthenopia?

A

Sodium lamps

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16
Q

Where should a computer be placed to reduce symptoms?

A

35-40 inches

17
Q

How much tilt should a computer screen have?

A

10-20degrees

18
Q

Studies show a person should take regular work breaks every __ hours.

A

4 hours

19
Q

One of the most simple and therapeutic modes of therapy are _____.

A

Lubricating eye drops

20
Q

What are the accommodative symptoms of CVS?

A
  1. AI (Near blur)
  2. Accom. Infacility (slow focus from dist/near vice versa)
  3. Acc. Spasm (blur at distance after near)
  4. Fatigue/Eyestrain (can’t sustain near work)
21
Q

What is the basis of CVS?

A
  1. Extended near point demand
  2. Poor resolution/contrast
  3. dark background of computer screen
22
Q

What happens to accomodation in upgaze?

A

Decreases

23
Q

How much does accommodation decrease in upgaze at 20’, 30’ and 60’

A

20’ = reduced by 1.25D
40’ (straight ahead) = reduced by 2D
60’ (cpu sits 20’ up) = reduced by 3D

24
Q

What are the causes of dry eyes at the computer?

A
  1. Decreased blink rate (1/3 of usual)
  2. Increased exposure
  3. dry office environment
25
Q

What’s the normal, reading and computer blink rate?

A 
Normal = 22/min
Reading = 10/min
Computer = 7/min
26
Q

What does a technica american optic offer as a progressive lens design? What does this lens specify?

A
  • enhanced midrange and near lens design(small distance area)
  • specifies distance Rx and add power
27
Q

How should the head be positioned when looking at a computer?

A

Head back, chin tucked, ears shoulder and hips aligned

28
Q

How should the elbows be positioned when looking at a computer?

A

At sides - slightly more than 90 degree bend

29
Q

How should the eyes be positioned when looking at a computer?

A

Level with top 1/3 of screen; 18-24in away

30
Q

When working on the computer, how many times should one take a break?

A

Every 30 mins

31
Q

What are some suggestions to decrease effects of CVS?

A
  • 20-20-20 rule
  • Size up
  • Sharpen up
  • Reduce glare (good lighting)
  • Look down (easier to focus)
  • Think blink more
32
Q

The asthenopic symptoms of eyestrain and tired eyes from CVS are diagnosed as wht?

A

Binocular Vision and Accommodative issues

33
Q

It is important to specify what Rx while prescribing the Readables Varilux lens?

A

Specify computer Rx

34
Q

It is important to specify what Rx while prescribing the Access Sola lens?

A

Specify near Rx

35
Q

The Shamir Office Occupational lens is best used in what environment? How many powers are there to choose from?

A
  • best in small office environments

- 4 different powers to choose from

Environmental Optometry (6 decks)

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