rs eoy y9 Flashcards
(24 cards)
moral absolutism
morals are fixed, unchanging things. They are part of the universe and true for all people, places, times and cultures
moral relativism
morality changes from place to place, time to time, culture to culture, individual to individual. Moral truths are not fixed and not at all clear
ethics
what is good for individuals and society. It is a system of moral principles that affect how people make decisions and lead their lives
deterrent
a punishment designed to discourage the wrongdoer or other potential wrongdoers from commiting the crime again
reform
a punishment designed to improve the wrongdoer’s moral character
protection
a punishment designed to protect the public from the criminal
retribution
a punishment designed to take revenge upon the criminal for what they have done
moral responsibility
to regard people as responsible for performing or failing to perform a morally significant action
“People should always be held morally responsible for their own actions:”
reasons to agree
they have control over their own actions
You cannot reverse an action, no matter the intention
“People should always be held morally responsible for their own actions:”
reasons to agree
People can have mental conditions which means they lose control and awareness of their actions
People could be blackmailed/ threatened/ forced
how are animals used in food/farming
Factory farming is more common: contains animals in small spaces and feeds them chemicals
Free range farming (which allows animals to behave naturally and roam freely) is less common and more expensive
how are animals used in sport
Used to compete (e.g. horse racing)
Bull fighting- animal is enraged, disgruntled then killed. Many argue that this is degrading and harmful for them
how are animals used in trade
55 million animals killed each year for fur
Fur farming made illegal in england in 2000
Poachers and armed gangs kill endangered species for rare goods like ivory
examples of useful animal
Pets can provide companionship and improve social life
Guide dogs can help blind people move around
No objection to working animals as long as they are treated well
information about wild animals
Zoos and safari parks do not always provide a safe environment for animals
Rspca founded in 1824 against cruelty to animals
examples of experimentating on animals
Testing cosmetics on animals is against the law
Cloning works to produce treatments for disease but results in many animal embryos being killed
“Humans should aim to follow a vegetarian diet”
reasons to agree
Animals should not be killed/ have to suffer pain
Animals are not the only source of protein; there are others like lentils
Humans should not alter the circle of life by excessively breeding
“Humans should aim to follow a vegetarian diet”
reasons to disagree
Humans are naturally omnivores
Other animals eat meat, so we can too
Meat industry employs many people, and lots of lives would be ruined if we stopped eating meat
jewish views on animals
Animals have feelings
Animals are god’s creation
Should be treated with compassion
Avoid causing pain to any living creature
It is acceptable to harm/kill an animal if it is essential for a human need
Torah states that humans have dominion over all living things and have a duty to look after them
hindu views on animals
They should treat animals well
Most hindus are vegetarian/ don’t eat beef
Cows are sacred
“By not killing any living being, one becomes fit for salvation”
buddhist views on animals
Souls are reborn as animals because of past misdeeds
Do no harm, show kindness
Humans and non human animals are equal
Animal testing is accepted as long as animals are not harmed
Not generally vegetarian
muslim views on animals (islam)
Each animal is valuable to god
Animals have not been made for human benefit
Halal meat
Causing harm to animals is not allowed
christian views on animals
Animals were created by god for humans to use and take care of
Do not support animal testing
Most christians eat meat
sikh views on animals
Forbidden to kill for the sake of killing
Don’t accept any violence towards animals
