Rural - Urban Migration (brazil)

Question 1

Push factors

Answer 1

• farming becomes more efficient less people are needed to work on the farms
• many of the in land areas of north east Brazil have long droughts followed by floods

Question 2

Pull factors

Answer 2

• unemployed farmers may move into the city in the hope that they will find a better job
• better quality of life e.g. accommodation, transport, services

Question 3

Impacts on the rural area

Answer 3

• labour shortages on farms
• migrants
• ageing rural population

Question 4

Impacts on urban areas

Answer 4

• new workers are paid very little and can barely afford housing
• overcrowding
• strain on local services
• migrants may not be able to get a job resulting in an increase in homelessness

Question 5

Management

Answer 5

• The governs encourage large TNC’s to set up factories, for example FIAT IN BELO HORIZONTE this ensured more people were employed earning a fair wage and paying taxes
• sometimes the council will build a shell of a house and rent it to tenants who would then finish it off. These houses had clean water supply electricity and toilets
• the council additionally tried to provide services to the favellas such as clean water, sewers, electricity and schools
• making public transport more efficient
• improving conditions in the countryside to reduce the pull factors