Russia Flashcards
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Leonard Shapiro
The Treaty of Brest Litovsk brought about the permanent break between the left SR’s and the Bolsheviks
Civil War to war-communism David Christian
“war communism did the job of supplying towns and armies with just enough food and supplies to keep providing war material and to keep fighting. In this sense, it was a success”
“War communism can be seen as a mixture of pragmatism and the strict application of Leninist dogma”
Civil War to war-communism Greenwood
“the outcome was the disastrous famine of 1921”
Early decrees McCauley
“The land decree afforded the peasants all they wanted from the revolution
New Economic Policy (NEP) McCauley
“If war communism had been a leap into the world of socialism, then the NEP was a leap out of it”
“Ideological retreat”
New Economic Policy Segal
“The NEP recorded rapid success”
New Economic Policy Serge (member of bolshevik part”
The NEP restored some prosperity to Russia”
Stalin emergence as leader Isaac Deutscher
“Stalin was seen as no threat, this lay out some of his strength”
Stalin emergence as leader Martin McCauley
“Stalin was moderate and methodical, not to say pedestrian, but he was the only one skilled at building tactical alliances and this put him head and shoulders above the rest”. Argues that a key reason for Stalin’s success in the post-Lenin power struggle was that none of his rivals had any experience in playing the political game
Stalin emergence as party leader Helene D’encausse
“There was a new type of authority; the party apparatus, that of the General Secretary” “grey blur”
Collectivasation / Industrialisation D’enacusse
“The whole society had been thrown into an inexorable whirlpool… every individual had been displaced, uprooted from his environment, projected into a new world”
Collectivasation / Industrialisation Alec Nove
“the simplest thing to do was to avoid responsibility… to obey mechanically any order that is received, regardless of local conditions”
Collectivasation / Industrialisation Stalin
Russia is 50-100 years behind the rest of Europe
Collectivised farming percentages
In 1932, 63% of farms had been collectivised
In 1937, 93% of farms had been collectivised
Coal and Steel production statistics
Coal production increased 4 times its original amount Steel production increased 6 times its original amount
