Russia in Revolution 1906-1917

Question 0

What did government forces do in November 1905?

Answer 0

They closed the st Petersburg soviet and the All-Russian Union of peasants

Question 1

Who was the Tsars cheif minister from 1906-1911?

Answer 1

Peter stolypin

Question 2

When did stolypin become chairman of the council of ministers?

Answer 2

July 1906

Question 3

Between october1906 and may 1997, how many death sentences were handed out by stolypin?

Answer 3

1144 death sentences

Question 4

How did stolypin attack the bases of revolutionary activity between 1906 and 1912?

Answer 4

A thousand newspapers closed

600 trade unions closed

Question 5

How many people did stolypin’s courts convict?

Answer 5

1908-1909 16,500 in total:
3600 sentences to death
4500 sentenced to hard labour

Question 6

What did the law of 9 November 1906 do?

Answer 6

It freed peasants from the control of the commune

-no longer needed a majority permission to leave the commune

Question 7

What did stolypin instruct land banks to do on the 15 November?

Answer 7

Peasant land bank instructed to give loans to peasants who wanted to leave the commune

Question 8

As of January 1st 1907 what happened?

Answer 8

Redemption payments were abolished

Question 9

What reform did stolypin introduce in June 1910?

Answer 9

Dissolved all communes that hadn’t had a redistribution of land since the emancipation of the serfs

Question 10

What did stolypin encourage peasants to do and hat incentives did he use?

Answer 10

He encouraged them to mve to the undeveloped agricultural areas of Siberia
-he used cheap land funded by gov loans as incentive

Question 11

What happened to land ownership and agricultural production under stolypin’s reforms?

Answer 11

Land ownership: 1905=20% to 1915=50%

Agricultural production: 1906=45.9 million tonnes to 1913=61.7 million tonnes

Question 12

When did stolypin die and how?

Answer 12

He was assassinated in 1911

Question 13

What happens at he Lena goldfield massacre of 1912?

Answer 13

In Siberia strikers were killed by the police in response to industrial unrest

Question 14

What was called in Moscow in 1914?

Answer 14

A general strike

Question 15

When was the first Duma?

Answer 15

April-June 1906

“The Duma of public anger”

Question 16

When was the second Duma?

Answer 16

February-June 1907

Question 17

When was the third Duma?

Answer 17

November 1907-June 1912

Question 18

When was the fourth Duma?

Answer 18

November 1912-august 1914

Question 19

What happened at the elections for the first Duma?

Answer 19

The SRs and bolsheviks boycotted them

Trudoviks=largest group elected

Question 20

How many days did the first Duma last? Who ended it?

Answer 20

72 days

The tsar dissolved the Duma

Question 21

How many resolutions did the first Duma actually pass?

Answer 21

2

• one against capitalist punishment
• one for famine relief

Question 22

What was the vyborg manifesto?

Answer 22

A manifesto written by a group of Duma deputies asking the Russian people to resist the tsar’s action through non-payment of taxes

Question 23

How did the vyborg manifesto backfire?

Answer 23

The 200 deputies who made the manifesto were banned from standing for the next Duma

Question 24

How was the election franchise changed for the 3rd and 4th Duma?

Answer 24

Restricted to the wealthy (richest 30% of male pop) | Pro-gov parties gained 287/443 seats

Question 25

What successes did the 3rd and 4th Dumas have?

Answer 25

The land captains (introduced in 1892) were replaced by justices of the peace Gov planned to introduce universal primary education with 10yrs Health and accident insurance programmes for industrial workers

Question 26

What stopped the Russian advance in the beginning of September during WW1?

Answer 26

The battle of tannenburg

Question 27

What was the outcome of the battle of tannenburg?

Answer 27

30000 troops killed/wounded 95000 captured Only 10000 manages to escape Germans captured 500 guns

Question 28

What battle took place in December 1914?

Answer 28

The battle of lodz

Question 29

What did tsar Nicholas do in September 1915?

Answer 29

He dismissed his uncle as commander-in-chief and took the position himself, after the loss of Poland

Question 30

How long was the brusilov offensive?

Answer 30

June to august 1916

Question 31

What problems were facing he russian army by christmas 1916?

Answer 31

Major shortage of war materials | Fall in morale

Question 32

Why did the brusilov offensive fail?

Answer 32

Poor leadership from Nicholas II | Poor internal communications, particularly with railways

Question 33

How many artillery shells was Russia producing in September 1916?

Answer 33

4.5 million

Question 34

By the end of 1915, how many shells were some artillery units limited to in ww1?

Answer 34

Just 3 shells a day

Question 35

By christmas 1916, how many soldiers were: Dead? Wounded? Taken prisoner?

Answer 35

1. 6 million dead 3. 9 million wounded 2. 4 million taken prisoner

Question 36

How many men were mobilised for the Russian army in 1914? | -what %of the population was this?

Answer 36

5. 3 million | - 9% of the population

Question 37

By christmas 1916, how many men had experienced military service?

Answer 37

15.3 million

Question 38

How did the national budget increase 1913-1916?

Answer 38

It rose eightfold

Question 39

By how much did prices rise between 1914 and 1916 due to inflation?

Answer 39

200%

Question 40

How many wagons of grain per month was Moscow receiving by christmas 1916? -how many did they get in 1914?

Answer 40

Only 300 a month | -2200 wagons in 1914

Question 41

How did the Russian government fund the First World War?

Answer 41

Higher taxes Loans and borrowing from Britain and France Printing more money

Question 42

How did the union of zemstva contribute to the war effort?

Answer 42

They provided medical facilities for the army

Question 43

How did the congress of representatives of industry and trade contribute to the war effort?

Answer 43

They helped coordinate war production

Question 44

What did Octobrists Guchkov create in July 1915? | -what did this do?

Answer 44

A central war industries committee | -helped stimulate the production of weapons and ammunition

Question 45

What was ZEMGOR? | -when was it formed?

Answer 45

The all-Russian Union of zemstva and cities which aided the care of war casualties -created June 1915

Question 46

What was the progressive group? | -how many Duma deputies were a part of it?

Answer 46

A centre of potential opposition against the Russian government, consisting mainly of kadets, Octobrists and progressivists -236/422 Duma deputies

Question 47

What did the progressive bloc demand? | -how did the tsar's government react?

Answer 47

They called for a government of public confidence-minsters became responsible for Duma -Tsar just ignored demands, when tsar went to the front in sept 1915 Nicholas II dismissed some of them

Question 48

How did the government become unstable between sept 1915 and dec 1916?

Answer 48

There were constant ministerial changes, influenced by Rasputin

Question 49

What happened to Rasputin in dec 1916?

Answer 49

He was murdered by Russian Noblemen

Question 50

Why did the government become more unpopular during ww1?

Answer 50

- tsarina saw war effort groups as untrustworthy, ignored them - trashing was German = rumours of potential German plot - tsar was a poor military commander

Question 51

What was the name of St Petersburg changed to in 1914? | -why?

Answer 51

Petrograd | -petrograd was more patriotic to Russia

Question 52

How many workers strikes on 9th January 1917? | -what were they commemorating?

Answer 52

140,000 | -it was the anniversary of Bloody Sunday

Question 53

How many workers went on strike on 14th feb 1917? | -why?

Answer 53

100,000 | -protesting food shortages

Question 54

What did the government announce on 19th February 1917?

Answer 54

Bread rationing would start on march 1st

Question 55

How many people in total went on strike on 23rd February 1917? -why were there so many protestors?

Answer 55

Over 100,00 | -international women's day demonstrations joined a major strike at the putilov engineering works

Question 56

How many protestors were there by 25th February 1917?

Answer 56

200,000

Question 57

What did the government do in response to the demonstrators on the 25th February 1917?

Answer 57

Police arrested members of the workers' group (set up by petrograd workers to organise strikes) All newspapers shut down Public transport stopped

Question 58

What did Cossack troops refuse to do on 25th February 1917?

Answer 58

Fire on demonstrators | Although the next day they did fire, killing 40

Question 59

On the 26th February, which military/army group refused to carry out orders?

Answer 59

The elite pavlovsky life guards

Question 60

On the 27th February 1917, which regiment mutinied?

Answer 60

The volinsky regiment

Question 61

What did the government do to the Duma? | -how did the Duma react?

Answer 61

They dissolved the Duma | -the Duma formed a 12-man committee to run the country (the Prov gov)

Question 62

On 28th February 1917, what did the tsar offer the Duma? | -what did the Duma say?

Answer 62

Offered to share power | -the state Duma refused

Question 63

What did the workers' soviets do on 1st march 1917?

Answer 63

Joined forces to make the petrograd soviet

Question 64

What did the petrograd soviet issue on the 1st march?

Answer 64

Order number 1=demanded all officers in the army be elected by their men

Question 65

On the 2nd march 1917, where did the Tsar's train stop? How far was he from Petrograd?

Answer 65

At Pskov, 250km from petrograd

Question 66

What was the Tsar forced to do on the 2nd march 1917?

Answer 66

Abdicate from the throne

Question 67

What did grand duke Michael do on the 3rd march 1917?

Answer 67

Refused the tsars' offer of the throne

Question 68

Who became the new prime minister of the provisional government in 1917?

Answer 68

Prince Lvov